Digital Twins enabled Building Automation System for comfortable, healthy and energy efficient buildings

由于欧洲人大约90%的时间是在室内度过的，密闭空间的质量是欧洲健康室内环境的主要关注点，它对人们的健康、舒适度和生产力具有决定性的影响。室内空气质量、热舒适性和声学舒适性以及充足的采光水平是决定室内环境质量的主要因素，在确保建筑物居住者的生活质量和整体福祉方面发挥着重要作用，TwinBAS抓住了新修订的建筑能效指令(EPBD)带来的及时机遇，以及从新冠肺炎疫情中绿色复苏的需要，支持向“更智能”建筑的过渡，其长期目标是创造对居住者来说舒适和健康的建筑，同时也是节能的建筑。为了利用最近技术进步的潜在好处，拟议的工作建议对第三产业建筑物进行全面评估，其基础是三个主要支柱：(I)室内环境条件；(Ii)能源性能；(Iii)建筑物的智能。具体地说，将开发数字双胞胎，通过使用具有机器学习技术的真实数据处理和结合基于物理的模拟的混合模型，在基于个人和协作用户偏好的建筑空间内提高IEQ。启用数字双胞胎的系统将自动通知控制功能，以优化建筑操作，以最大限度地提高舒适性，并在每个时间步将能耗降至最低。TwinBAS将在剑桥大学(英国)工程系进行，资产管理研究小组目前正在那里进行广泛的研究，重点是开发和利用数字双胞胎，以改善资产管理。爱尔兰的综合环境解决方案、研究和开发有限公司(IES R&D)也计划借调4个月

As Europeans spend approximately 90% of their time indoors, the quality of confined spaces is a major concern for healthy indoor environments in Europe and it has a decisive impact on people's health and comfort and productivity. Indoor air quality, thermal and acoustic comfort and sufficient levels of lighting are the major determinants of the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and play an important role in ensuring the quality of life and general wellbeing of building occupants TwinBAS seizes on the timely opportunity arising from the new revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD, the European Green Deal, and the need for green recovery from the COVID-19 outbreak, to support the transition towards 'smarter' buildings with a long-term objective of creating buildings that are comfortable and healthy for the occupants yet also energy efficient. In order to harness the potential benefits of recent technological advancements, the proposed work proposes a holistic assessment of tertiary sector buildings, resting on three main pillars: (i) indoor environmental conditions (ii) energy performance and (iii) the smartness of the building. Specifically, Digital Twins will be developed to improve IEQ within building spaces based on both individual and collaborative user-preferences, by using real data processing with machine learning techniques and hybrid models that combines physics-based simulations. The Digital Twins enabled system will automatically inform control functions for optimizing building operations to maximise comfort and minimize energy use at each timestep. TwinBAS will be conducted at Cambridge University (UK), Engineering Department, where the Asset Management research group is currently conducting extended research focused on the development and exploitation of digital twins to improve asset management. A secondment of 4 months is also planned at the Integrated Environmental Solutions, Research and Development Ltd. (IES R&D) in Ireland