Latin American Chinese European Galaxy Formation Network

天文学的重大突破是由观测进展和开创性的计算机模拟相结合推动的。模拟现在被认为是解释和利用天文数据的必要手段。欧洲在这一领域处于世界领先地位。我们的目标是建立一个非常成功的Horizon2020 RISE网络，以避免专业知识的碎片化和超级计算机资源集中在几个小组中。我们将通过在该主题的主要国际中心之间的国际流动来做到这一点。LACEGAL的目标包括解决科学中一些最大的问题：* 什么是暗物质，它的性质如何影响星系和星系团？* 宇宙加速膨胀背后的暗能量是什么？它与物理学的其他部分有什么关系？它是一个宇宙常数，一种新的质能形式，还是爱因斯坦引力理论的低能偏离？* 星系是如何获得它们的观测形态的？是什么决定了它们的特性？* 我们的银河系是如何形成的？如何从保存在其恒星群中的“考古学”记录中解读？我们的研究计划是雄心勃勃和突破性的。只有通过工作人员交流提供的机会，才有可能将世界各地的领导人聚集在一起，共同解决共同的问题。研究人员的交流将提供关键质量是必要的，以提供我们的计划。LACEGAL将提供独特的培训机会，并建立持久的合作关系。LACEGAL将是欧洲利用其在观测设施方面的巨额投资的关键，例如探测暗能量性质的欧几里得使命，并建立欧洲在国际项目中的领导地位，例如暗能量光谱仪，欧几里得，空间和时间的遗产调查和平方公里阵列。

Spectacular breakthroughs in astronomy have been driven by a combination of observational advances and groundbreaking computer simulations. Simulations are now accepted as being essential for the interpretation and exploitation of astronomical data. Europe is a world leader in this area. Our aim is to build on a highly successful Horizon2020 RISE network to avoid fragmentation of expertise and concentration of supercomputer resources in a few groups. We will do this through international mobility between leading international centres in the subject. The LACEGAL objectives include addressing some of the biggest questions in science: * What is Dark Matter and how do its properties affect galaxies and galaxy clusters? * What is the Dark Energy behind the accelerating expansion of the Universe and how does it relate to the rest of physics? Is it a cosmological constant, a new form of mass-energy, or a low-energy deviation from Einstein's theory of gravity? * How did galaxies acquire their observed forms? What determines their characteristic properties? * How did our galaxy, the Milky Way, form and how can this be read from the "archeological" record preserved in its stellar populations? Our research program is ambitious and ground-breaking. It is only possible through the opportunity that the Staff Exchange provides to bring together world leaders in a wide range of areas to work on common problems. The exchange of researchers will provide the critical mass is necessary to deliver our program. LACEGAL will providing unique training opportunities and build lasting collaborations. LACEGAL will be key in allowing Europe to exploit its huge investment in observational facilities, such as the Euclid mission to probe the nature of dark energy, and to build European leadership in international projects, such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, Euclid, the Legacy Survey of Space and Time, and the Square Kilometre Array.