Human Capital, the Organization of Production, and Economic Development - HUMANDEV

人力资本是发展进程的核心要素。虽然文献在衡量不同国家和不同时期人类技能的变化方面取得了进展，但我们对它们塑造生产组织和经济发展的渠道的理解仍然有限。由于人们越来越认识到人力资本是一个多维的对象，一方面体现在工人身上的技能多种多样，另一方面，企业、职业、部门和国家在利用人力资本方面存在异质性，这使情况变得更加复杂。HUMANDEV将利用来自多个国家的微观层面数据和新的理论框架，阐明人力资本在过去和未来经济发展中的作用。该项目围绕三个工作包展开，研究不同类型技能的积累和利用如何受到全球经济面临的一些最紧迫挑战的影响并促进适应这些挑战：人口老龄化（工作包1）、气候变化（工作包2）和劳动力在经济活动中的再分配（工作包3）。每一工作包将包括三个互补的贡献：1 .收集和协调来自不同发展水平国家的微观数据，以构建关于在各种情况下积累和利用人类技能的新事实。发展新的理论框架，提供对经验事实的结构性解释。估计这些模型的关键参数，并实施反事实练习，以评估不同经济情景和政策建议的影响。人类发展的调查结果将阐明人力资本对经济发展目前和未来的贡献，以及政策如何能够帮助发展中国家的劳动力为即将到来的社会经济变革做好准备。

Human capital is a central ingredient of the development process. While the literature has made progress in measuring the variation of human skills across countries and over time, we still have a limited understanding of the channels through which they shape the organisation of production and economic development. This is complicated by the growing realization that human capital is a multidimensional object, given the variety of skills embodied in workers on one hand, and the heterogeneity across firms, occupations, sectors, and countries in their utilization on the other.HUMANDEV will leverage micro-level data from multiple countries and novel theoretical frameworks to shed light on the role of human capital for the past and future of economic development. The project is structured around three Work Packages, studying how the accumulation and utilization of different types of skills is shaped by and can facilitate the adaptation to some of the most pressing challenges faced by the global economy: population ageing (Work Package 1), climate change (Work Package 2), and the reallocation of workers across economic activities (Work Package 3). Each Work Package will involve three complementary contributions:1. Collecting and harmonizing micro-level data from countries at different levels of development to construct novel facts on the accumulation and utilization of human skills in a variety of contexts.2. Developing new theoretical frameworks to provide a structural interpretation of the empirical facts.3. Estimating the key parameters of these models and implementing counterfactual exercises to assess the effects of different economic scenarios and policy proposals.The findings of HUMANDEV will shed light on the present and future contribution of human capital to economic development, and on how policy can help equip labour forces in developing countries for the impending socio-economic transformations.