Retheorising Gender and Sexuality: The Emergence of 'Trans'

大多数文献采用基于身份的社会框架（例如，金赛模型提供了一个线性模型，将性别身份从异性恋到同性恋的极性范围内指定）作为衡量性或性别身份的起点。然而，这些模型无法解释性别差异和其他形式的理解“身体”，这些都超出了基于身份的模型。例如，超越传统范畴的性别和性行为及身份的多元性在临床环境中得不到承认（见Moon 2011）。最近，“跨性别”作为一个自由浮动的能指的出现，见证了当性别、性和身体的复杂相互作用从身体的物质性中解放出来时会发生什么。跨性别正在作为一种理论概念化而出现，它超越了身份作为一种结构为“身体”提供意义的想法，成为一种标识符，实际上是后身份政治。在医学领域，随着“过渡”身体的进步，“跨性别”的兴起呈指数级增长，而“跨性别”身份（例如“跨性别”，变性人，性别酷儿）已经改变了两极分化身份的临床模式，这种模式正面临越来越大的压力，需要提供更广泛的方式来满足身体的社会和医学转变。“跨性别”标志着一个范式的转变，它显示了社会和主观关系的广泛变化，为社会研究提供了一个理想的资源，可以在整个性别和性行为领域内外重新考虑理论和实践——质疑性和性别认同的核心范式，并跨越形成性和性别研究的学科界限。跨性别将作为一个案例研究，通过它我们将研究以下问题：a)“跨性别”作为一个术语，作为一种自我/社区认同的模式，这是一个最近出现的现象。Trans从身体、性别和性的特定参考中解脱出来，但却唤起了这三者的共鸣。随着“酷儿”的兴起，它在性和性别领域提供了一个独特但相互关联的发展。虽然两者都有性别/性取向“弯曲”的历史，但它们有不同的轨迹。b)“跨性别”是一个融合点（比“酷儿”更明确），它是一个独特的、跨学科的群体，跨领域的临床、治疗、代表性、学术和日常社区和背景。数字技术和随之而来的基于网络的社会运动的兴起特别促进了“跨性别”的出现。c)因此，“跨性别”是一个特别突出的案例和连接点，涉及一系列跨性别和性别的问题和主题，包括身份、情感、“跨性别”和“跨性别”以及“跨性别”和“跨性别”行为；机构治理和监管制度、机构伦理和情感要求；新社会运动；身份和社区的新技术；还有（非）常识和（非）普通情感。系列研讨会提出的问题将包括：“跨性别”的出现如何以及在多大程度上反映了我们对性别和性的更大范式理解的转变？-“跨性别”如何以及在多大程度上重新配置（甚至是“跨性别”身材）日常身体-反思实践，流行常识或预示着性别和性领域的新常态。-“跨性别”在多大程度上以何种方式代表了“后壁橱”认识论和金赛统一体的转变？对于临床和治疗实践，对于性理论，对于身份和主体间联系的日常表达，“跨性别”的含义是什么？

Most literature takes an identity based social framework (for example, the Kinsey model provides a linear model to designate sexual identity as ranging on a polarity from heterosexual to homosexual)as its starting point to measure sexual or gender identity. However, such models fail to explain gender variance and alternative forms of understanding 'the body' that fall outside of an identity based model. For example, the plurality of gender and sexual practices and identifications that move beyond conventional categories go unrecognised within clinical contexts (see Moon 2011). More recently the emergence of 'trans' as a free floating signifier has witnessed what happens when the complex interplay of gender, sexuality and bodies is freed from the materiality of the body. Trans is emerging as a theoretical conceptualisation that moves beyond the idea of identity as a structure that provides meaning for 'the body' alone, to becoming an identifier that is, in fact, post-identity politics. Within the medical field the rise of 'trans' has been exponential with progress made around 'transitional' bodies, while a 'trans' identity (as 'trans', transgender, genderqueer for example) has shifted the clinical model of polarised identity which is under ever increasing pressure to provide more expansive ways of meeting the social and medical transformation of bodies. 'Trans' marks a paradigmatic shift, that shows extensive changes in social and subjective relations providing social research with an ideal resource to reconsider theory and practice across and within the entire field of gender and sexuality - interrogating the core paradigms of sexual and gender identity and cross cutting the disciplinary boundaries that form sexuality and gender studies.Trans will act as a case study through which we will examine the following issues:a) 'trans' as a terminology, as a mode of self/communal identification that is a recently emerging phenomenon. Trans is de-sutured from specific references to bodies, gender and sexuality yet is evocative of all three. It provides a distinct but interlinking development on the terrain of sexuality and gender along with the rise of 'queer'. Although both have a history of gender/ sexuality 'bending', they have distinctive trajectories. b) 'Trans' is a point of convergence (much more explicitly than 'queer')for a distinctive, cross-disciplinary constellation of constituencies, cross-cutting clinical, therapeutic, representational, academic and everyday communities and contexts. The emergence of 'trans' has been distinctively facilitated by digital technology and the concomitant rise of web-based social movements.c) 'trans' is thus a particularly salient case and point of nexus for a range of issues and themes cross-cutting sexuality and gender, including identities, affectivities, 'inter-sex' and 'inter-gender' and well as 'trans' gender and 'trans' sexualities; body governance and regulatory regimes, body ethics and affective imperatives; new social movements; new technologies of identity and community; and (un) commonsenses and (un) common emotions. The questions raised by the seminar series will include: - How and to what degree does the emergence of 'trans' reflect shifts in our larger paradigmatic understandings of gender and sexuality? - How and to what degree does 'trans' reconfigure (even 'trans'figure) everyday body -reflexive practices, popular common-sense or herald new normativities on the terrains of gender and sexuality. - To what degree and in what ways does 'trans' represent a 'post-closet' epistemology and a transformation of the Kinsey continuum? And what are the implications of 'trans' for clinical and therapeutic practice, for sexual theory and for everyday articulations of identity and intersubjective connection.