OXY-RADICALS AND ALDEHYDES IN CARCINOGENESIS

在香烟烟雾中发现的氧化物种已经在这两种情况下进行了评估 气态(醛和丙烯醛)和香烟烟雾冷凝物(CSC) 分数。CSC和中性和酸性亚馏分诱导的末端 正常人支气管上皮(NHBE)细胞的鳞状分化 而癌细胞对这些药物的抗药性更强，这表明 对肿瘤细胞来说是一种生长优势。乙醛诱导的DNA单链很少 链断裂和DNA-蛋白质交联链与丙烯醛或 甲醛。然而，在正常情况下，乙醛也具有微弱的致突变性。 人成纤维细胞系。丙烯醛暴露于微磨牙 浓度导致细胞毒性，鳞状细胞分化， 通过连接耗尽细胞硫醇，DNA单链断裂 以及DNA-蛋白质在正常人的支气管上皮中的交联性。 从人类粪便中分离出来的诱变剂Fecapentaene-12产生的诱变剂 修复缺陷性人干皮病的细胞毒性和致突变性 色素变性来源的成纤维细胞多于正常成纤维细胞。铁并戊烯-12 刺激大鼠原代肝细胞程序外DNA合成 人支气管成纤维细胞产生DNA单链断裂，诱导 姐妹染色单体互换及其诱导的BALB/c 3T3细胞转化 细胞，通过焦点形成来衡量。微摩尔浓度 Ecapentaene-12可降低低分子硫醇水平，包括 谷胱甘肽(GSH)，通过直接烷基化和氧化反应 在人类成纤维细胞中。 流行病学证据表明，油菜籽的高温加热 油(用于烹饪)可能会增加肺癌的发病率。 在中国的女人里。初步结果表明，菜籽油凝析油 在Ames试验中有致突变性，而花生油则没有。其中一个组件 导致突变的菜籽油是亚麻酸，而 芥酸和亚油酸不会致突变。

Oxidative species found in cigarette smoke have been assessed in both gaseous (aldehydes and acrolein) and cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) fractions. CSC and the neutral and acidic subfractions induced terminal squamous differentiation in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells, while carcinoma cell lines were more resistant to these agents, suggesting a growth advantage for tumor cells. Acetaldehyde induces few DNA single strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links compared to acrolein or formaldehyde. However, acetaldehyde is also weakly mutagenic in normal human fibroblastic cell lines. Acrolein exposure at micromolar concentrations resulted in cytotoxicity, squamous differentiation, depletion of cellular thiols through conjugation, DNA single strand breaks and DNA-protein cross-links in normal human bronchial epithelium. Fecapentaene-12, a mutagen isolated from human feces, produces greater cytotoxicity and mutagenicity in repair deficient human Xeroderma pigmentosa derived fibroblasts than in normal fibroblasts. Fecapentaene-12 stimulated unscheduled DNA synthesis in both primary rat hepatocytes and human bronchial fibroblasts, produced single strand breaks in DNA, induced sister chromatid exchange and also induced transformation of BALB/c 3T3 cells, as measured by focus formation. Micromolar concentrations of fecapentaene-12 decreased levels of low molecular weight thiols including glutathione (GSH), by both direct alkylation as well as oxidation reactions in human fibroblasts. Epidemiological evidence suggests that high temperature heating of rapeseed oil (which is used in cooking) may contribute to elevation in lung cancer in women in China. Preliminary results show that rapeseed oil condensate is mutagenic in the Ames assay, while peanut oil is not. One component of rapeseed oil which contributes to mutagenicity is linolenic acid, while erucic acid and linoleic acid are not mutagenic.