International Social Survey Programme 2019-2021

国际社会调查方案是目前进行跨国调查研究的最重要尝试之一。45个国家参加，覆盖所有五个有人居住的大洲。每年，各国都会就一个特定主题提出60个问题，通常是作为现有随机概率调查的一部分。然后，这些数据连同一套规定的社会人口背景变量，以商定的格式存入社会人口统计方案数据档案。自1985年该项目开始以来，已经投入使用了各种各样的模块。议题在年度全体会议上选定，并定期重新审议，其中许多议题已被讨论多次。因此，ISSP数据可用于检查各国在特定时间点的差异，并比较长期趋势的差异。一个包含所有国家数据的综合数据集在数据收集大约两年后向研究界公开提供。ISSP数据被广泛使用，出版物数量稳步增加；去年记录的有数据的出版物超过800份。在英国，自该计划开始以来，已有630种出版物使用了ISSP的数据。自ISSP开始以来，通过将ISSP模块纳入英国社会态度调查（BSA）的自填补充部分，促进了英国的参与。BSA是由国家社会调查中心进行的一项高质量的年度独立调查。从2019年开始，ISSP模块将被放置在定制的自我完成补充中，提供给苏格兰社会态度（SSA）调查的受访者。SSA采用与BSA类似的方法进行。这些战略是部署综合服务方案模块的一种极具成本效益的方式，因为只需要支付在调查中增加综合服务方案问题的边际费用。在此期间，《社会不平等战略》将涵盖三个主题：社会不平等（2019年）、环境（2020年）以及健康和保健（2021年）：-一旦在2019年收集了数据，社会不平等模块将在30年期间进行五次讨论。这将使我们能够审查不同社会群体在不同地理、政治和经济背景下的态度是如何随时间变化的。第一次在苏格兰部署该模块将有助于进行必要的国际分析，以测试关于其社会和政治环境的一系列假设——主要是与苏格兰比整个英国更平等、社会民主的假设有关。- 2020年环境模块将能够对一系列环境态度和行为进行时间序列分析。苏格兰的数据收集将能够评估苏格兰独特的环境或对汽车和航空旅行的更大依赖是否产生了独特的环境态度和行为。- 2021年保健模块（2011年首次提出）提供了一个宝贵的机会，可以探索过去十年中态度和经验的变化，以及英国的发展在多大程度上反映了国际趋势。苏格兰在保健方面面临着特别的挑战，发病率和死亡率极不平等；2021年单元将用于评估在社会民主文化和国营卫生服务的背景下，这些挑战在多大程度上影响了对卫生支出的支持。提出了一系列宣传活动，以促进社会科学研究人员、决策者和媒体认识和使用社会科学战略方案数据。这些措施包括：至少有一章包括在年度BSA报告中对英格兰和苏格兰ISSP数据的比较，这些数据可以在网上免费获得并广泛传播；维持订制的资讯科技服务网页；利用NatCen的社交媒体来提高对数据的认识，并向相关受众发表演讲。

The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is one of the most important attempts to undertake cross-national survey research that exists. 45 countries participate, covering all five inhabited continents. Each year, countries field a module of 60 questions on a particular topic, usually as part of an existing random probability survey. These data, along with a set of prescribed socio-demographic background variables, are then deposited in an agreed format with the ISSP data archive. A wide range of modules have been fielded since the project began in 1985. Topics are chosen at an annual plenary meeting and are revisited periodically, with many having been covered several times. As a result, ISSP data can be used to examine differences between countries at a particular point in time and to compare differences in trends over time.A combined dataset containing data for all countries is made publicly available to the research community approximately two years after data collection. ISSP data are widely used, with numbers of publications steadily increasing; more than 800 publications were recorded in the last year for which data is available. In Britain, there have been 630 publications using ISSP data since the programme began.Since ISSP began, Britain's participation has been facilitated by including the ISSP module on a self-completion supplement that forms part of the British Social Attitudes survey (BSA), an annual, high quality, independent survey conducted by NatCen. From 2019, the ISSP module will be placed on a bespoke self-completion supplement, to be provided to respondents to the Scottish Social Attitudes (SSA) survey. SSA is conducted along similar methodological lines to BSA. These strategies represent a highly cost-effective way of fielding the ISSP module, as only the marginal costs of adding the ISSP questions to the surveys have to be covered. ISSP will cover three topics during this period: social inequality (2019), environment (2020) and health and health-care (2021):-Once data has been collected in 2019, the social inequality module will have been fielded five times across a 30 year period. This will enable an examination of how attitudes have changed over time, for different social groups and in different geographical, political and economic contexts. Fielding the module in Scotland for the first time will facilitate the international analyses necessary to test a range of hypotheses about its social and political environment - primarily relating to the assumption that it has a more egalitarian, social democratic outlook than Britain as a whole.-The 2020 module on the environment will enable time series analysis of a range of environmental attitudes and behaviours The collection of data for Scotland will enable an assessment of whether Scotland's distinctive environment or its greater reliance on car and air travel have produced distinct environmental attitudes and behaviours.-The 2021 module on health-care (first asked in 2011) presents an invaluable opportunity to explore how attitudes and experiences have changed over the past decade and how far developments in Britain reflect international trends. Scotland faces particular challenges in respect of health, with high inequalities in morbidity and mortality; the 2021 module will be used to assess how far these challenges have affected support for health spending, in the context of a social democratic culture and state-run health service. A range of dissemination activities promoting awareness and use of ISSP data by social science researchers, policy-makers and the media are proposed. These include: at least one chapter including a comparison of English and Scottish ISSP data in the annual BSA reports, which are freely available online and widely disseminated; maintaining a bespoke ISSP webpage; utilizing NatCen's social media presence to raise awareness of the data and delivering presentations to relevant audiences.