Gridding Equitable Urban Futures in Areas of Transition (GREAT) in Cali, Colombia and Havana, Cuba

在拉丁美洲和加勒比大多数国家，解决基础设施差距的举措的成败与整个区域的趋势密切相关，该区域每三个家庭中就有一个受贫困影响，57%的工作人口的常态是非正规(人居署，2016年，55)。非正式性本身就构成了一种挑战，表现在当局不愿投资于那些由于不被承认为合法的领域而陷入既不吸引公共投资也不鼓励企业家或合作社寻求本地化相关解决方案的空白领域。哥伦比亚和古巴之间的对比提供了一个独特的机会，让我们了解过渡领域--前者是和平，后者是新宪法--构成的额外挑战，并将有助于制定能够更有效地应对这些挑战的办法。该项目专注于交通和废物管理社区主导的项目，将通过一系列关于城市政策、机动性和废物创新的三个主题公共实验室，为实现公平的城市未来做出贡献。这些活动将结合几个现场活动、参与性研讨会、种子资助项目、能力培训，并与当地政策和规划当局以及慈善组织合作。该项目将结合环境科学家、运输和地球工程学工程师、设计师、城市规划者、企业家和社会学家的专业知识，通过将这些住区居民的声音纳入正在进行的倡议中，以实现关键的可持续发展目标(5、6、9、10、11和16)，这些正在进行的倡议包括：包容和机会领土、卡利市长办公室的倡议以及2003年批准、由哈瓦那运输总局领导的2035年哈瓦那交通运输总司的愿景。这两个机构都是项目合作伙伴。在这样做的过程中，我们试图回答两个主要问题：上网和离网在哪些方面提供了重新思考转型地区人与城市基础设施之间关系的机会？卡利和哈瓦那目前的离网政策和倡议在多大程度上有助于剥夺非正式住区居民的权利或赋予他们权力？如果得到资助，该项目将改变我们对过渡地区非正规住区的城市基础设施与增长和变化动态之间关系的理解，并提供独特的学习要点，以帮助解决哥伦比亚和古巴以及整个拉丁美洲和加勒比地区非正式住区居民在改善生计方面面临的重要障碍。

The success and failure of initiatives tackling the infrastructural gap in most countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are closely related to trends across a region where poverty affects one in every three households and informality is the norm for 57 per cent of the working population (UN-Habitat 2016, 55). Informality itself constitutes a challenge as seen in the reluctance of authorities to invest in areas which, by virtue of not being recognised as legal, fall into a void which neither attracts public investment nor does it encourage entrepreneurs or cooperatives to seek localised relevant solutions. The contrast between Colombia and Cuba provides a unique opportunity to understand the additional challenges that areas in transition - to peace, in the former, and to a new constitution, in the latter - pose to informality and will contribute to developing the kinds of approaches through which these challenges can be addressed more effectively.Building on well-developed partnerships and the learning of several RCUK-funded projects, GREAT will generate real change in two informal off-grid settlements in Cali (Colombia) and Havana (Cuba). Focusing on transport and waste-management community-led projects, the project will contribute to 'gridding' equitable urban futures through a series of three thematic PublicLabs on urban policy, mobility, and waste innovation. These will combine several in-site activities, participatory workshops, seed-funded projects, capacity training, and work with local policy and planning authorities as well as charitable organisations. Joining the expertise of environmental scientists, transport and geomatics engineers, designers, urban planners, entrepreneurs and sociologists, the project will address key SDGs (5, 6, 9, 10, 11 and 16), by embedding the voice of residents of these settlements into ongoing initiatives such as the Territories of Inclusion and Opportunities, an initiative of the Cali Mayor's Office, and the vision of transport in Havana in 2035, approved in 2003, and led by the Dirección General de Transporte Provincial La Habana (General Directorate of Transport Havana). Both institutions are project partners. In doing so, we seek to answer two main questions: In what ways does being on- and off-grid provide an opportunity to rethink the relationship between people and urban infrastructure in areas of transition? To what extent do current off-grid policies and initiatives in Cali and Havana contribute to the disenfranchisement or empowerment of residents in informal settlements? If funded, the project will transform our understanding of the relationship between urban infrastructure and the dynamics of growth and change of informal settlements in areas of transition and provide unique learning points to help address important barriers residents of informal settlements face to improve their livelihoods, in Colombia and Cuba, and across Latin America and the Caribbean.