Transforming Social Inequalities through Inclusive Climate Action (TSITICA)

联合国《2030年议程》为社会实现17个可持续发展目标(SDGs)提出了雄心勃勃的挑战。虽然所有可持续发展目标在非洲都很重要，但与贫穷(可持续发展目标1、8)、不平等(可持续发展目标5、10)和气候变化(可持续发展目标13、7)有关的目标尤其重要。非洲是全球贫困率、不平等程度、气候脆弱性和能源短缺最高的国家之一。要在所有这些可持续发展目标方面取得实质性进展，就需要在任何单一的可持续发展目标领域采取行动，最大限度地实现协同效应和共同利益，并尽可能避免消极的取舍。目的和目标：我们项目的首要研究问题是：非洲社会如何设计和实施气候行动，以改善可持续生计，并减少贫困和不平等？例如，所有非洲国家都需要调整其粮食体系，以提高对气候变化的适应能力，但实现这一目标有不同的途径--例如投资大规模工业化农业或支持小规模农民变得更加适应气候--这可能会给整个社会带来截然不同的生计利益。我们的第二个目标是建立一个由非洲裔英国研究人员组成的网络，他们可以带来深厚的学科专业知识来解决这个跨学科问题。特别是，我们的项目汇集了两个新成立的关于气候变化和不平等的阿鲁阿英才中心(COE)，以及来自英国的世界领先的专业知识，以形成这个网络，并致力于气候变化、不平等和贫困的联系。我们的方法：为了解决非洲气候-贫困-不平等的关系，我们建立了一个跨学科的研究团队，拥有发展经济学、生计、贫困和不平等、气候政策和治理、能源和缓解以及适应方面的专业知识。我们将通过三个国家的比较研究来回答我们的研究问题--加纳、肯尼亚和南非--这将使我们能够综合这些不同背景下的共性和差异。我们的方法是多尺度和多维度的，试图了解：一)实现(或阻止)变革性气候行动的政治、经济和政策背景；二)社会经济和气候变化政策如何影响社会不同群体的生计轨迹；三)气候变化行动的潜在结果，重点是这些结果在社会群体之间的差异，特别是男女之间，以及教育、收入和土地保有权等社会差异；四)现有气候行动如何发挥作用(或不起作用)为社区建立可持续的生计轨迹；五)了解不同气候行动在大规模应用时在全国范围内产生的社会和经济效益。我们的项目将涉及与政策和实践方面的领导人以及社区的密切合作，以便他们的需求和优先事项为我们的研究提供信息，从而使我们的研究反过来改变他们的思维和行动。项目成果：-一个完善的泛非洲研究网络，在该项目内有多种合作，并在该项目的新项目中发挥杠杆作用。-有证据表明气候行动、贫困和不平等之间的协同作用和权衡。-证据表明，如何设计具体的国家优先气候行动，以实现生计和减少贫困和不平等的共同利益。-归根结底，气候政策和相关行动在改善生计和福祉、减少贫困和不平等方面具有变革性，而不是在国家和全球政治层面上一如既往。

The Agenda 2030 of the UN sets out ambitious challenges for society to achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While all SDGs are important in Africa, those related to poverty (SDG 1, 8), inequality (SDG 5, 10) and climate change (SDG 13, 7) are especially relevant. Africa has some of the highest global poverty rates, levels of inequality, climate vulnerabilities, and shortfalls in energy access. Making substantial progress on all these SDGs will require action in any single SDG domain that maximises synergies and co-benefits and avoids as much as possible negative trade-offs. Aims and Objectives: Our project's overarching research question is: How do African societies design and implement climate action to improve sustainable livelihoods, and reduce both poverty and inequality? For example, all African countries need to adapt their food systems to be more resilient to climate change, but there are different routes to achieving this - such as investing in large-scale industrialised agriculture or supporting small-scale farmers to be more climate smart - which can result in very different livelihood benefits across society. Our second objective is to build a network of African-UK researchers who can bring deep disciplinary expertise to bear on this interdisciplinary problem. In particular, our project brings together two newly-established ARUA Centres of Excellence (CoE) on climate change and inequalities, with world-leading expertise from the UK, to form this network and to work at the nexus of climate change, inequality and poverty. Our Approach: To address the climate-poverty-inequality nexus in Africa we have created an interdisciplinary research team with expertise in development economics, livelihoods, poverty and inequality, climate policy and governance, energy and mitigation, and adaptation. We will answer our research questions through comparative research across three country settings - Ghana, Kenya and South Africa - that will allow us to synthesise commonalities and differences across these different contexts. Our approach is multi-scale and multi-dimensional, seeking to understand i) the political, economic and policy context within which transformative climate actions are enabled (or prevented); ii) how socio-economic and climate change policies have affected livelihood trajectories of different groups in society; iii) the potential outcomes from climate change actions, with a focus on how these outcomes vary across social groups, especially between men and women, but also social differences such as education, income, and land tenure; iv) how existing climate actions are working (or not) to build sustainable livelihood trajectories for communities; v) understanding the country-wide social and economic benefits of different climate actions, when applied at scale. Our project will involve close collaboration with leaders in policy and practice, and also with communities, so that their needs and priorities inform our research, and so that our research in turn shifts their thinking and actions. Project Outcomes: - A well-established, pan-African research network that has multiple collaborations within this project, and in new projects leveraged out of this project. - Evidence on the synergies and trade-offs between climate action, poverty and inequality. - Evidence on how specific national priority climate actions can be designed to deliver co-benefits for livelihoods and reducing poverty and inequality.- Ultimately, climate policies and associated actions to be transformative in improving livelihoods and well-being, reducing poverty and inequality, rather than business as usual at national and global political levels.