Intersectional Perspectives for Community Inclusion: Understanding the Past and Shaping the Future with Older Marginalised IDD and LGBT+ People

许多老年人被他们所居住的社区排斥。世界卫生组织通过“老年人友好城市和社区”项目认识到了这一点，该项目鼓励开发不同的空间和场所，以改善老年人在社区和城市中的融入程度。从历史上和政治上看，智力和发育障碍（IDD）患者以及女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者（LGBT+）终其一生都被社会排斥在他们的社区之外；当时IDD患者被安置在收容所，同性恋被视为一种疾病或被定为犯罪。这些生活经历使这两个群体的老年人在社区环境中面临更大的不平等、歧视和排斥风险。对于老年人来说，使用在线技术也很困难，特别是对于那些已经被排斥的人，比如患有IDD的人和那些认定为LGBT+的人。到目前为止，对这两个群体进行的研究很少，以了解他们在本地和在线社区包容和排斥方面的经历，并更好地了解如何加强英格兰和苏格兰的社区包容。本研究旨在了解IDD患者和LGBT+患者在日常生活中使用的社区空间和场所（本地和虚拟）。主要的研究问题是研究IDD和LGBT+老年人如何描述和经历包容和排斥，以及这些对他们意味着什么。我们将探讨如何改善本地和网上社区场所，以减少社会不平等。最后，该研究将着眼于如何利用这些新思想来塑造政府政策和组织实践。这项研究分为五个相关的工作包。由大学研究人员和第三部门组织的从业人员共同领导。研究的所有阶段都将由咨询小组中有IDD和LGBT+生活经验的人指导。有IDD和LGBT+生活经历的人将作为训练有素的共同研究人员参与该项目。我们将使用各种语言、视觉和地理方法，以适当的方式接触边缘化的声音，使人们的不同观点得以体现。在工作包（WP） 1中，我们将在研究社区内建立牢固的关系，为患有IDD和LGBT+的老年人建立咨询小组，培训共同研究人员，并为该项目创建一个国际“关键朋友”参考小组。在WP2中，我们将招募参与者，并随着时间的推移了解他们在社区中空间和场所的故事。这将涉及生成和共同分析交互式地图软件数据、摄影和社交网络访谈，以获得对包容和排斥的丰富而真实的理解。第三界别代表亦会接受访问，听取他们的意见。在WP3中，我们将汇集不同的数据集，共同反思和综合调查结果，分析IDD和LGBT+群体的包容和排斥模式，并了解它们在现实世界背景下的意义。WP4将举办四场活动，参与者、家庭成员、护理人员和服务提供商将评估潜在的新政策和实践解决方案，以促进本地和在线社区的融合。WP5将在社区、私营、公共和第三部门组织之间翻译和分享共同生产的项目知识（通过知识动员倡导者）。这将为IDD患者和LGBT+人群带来切实可行的想法和改变社区包容的路线图。调查结果还将在地方、国家和国际会议/研讨会、出版物、第三部门和两个展示活动以及社交媒体上分享。制定了影响跟踪和评估计划，以确保该项目的结果在个人、社区和政策层面产生影响。

Many older people experience exclusion from the communities they live in. The World Health Organisation has recognised this through their Age Friendly Cities and Communities programme, which encourages the development of different spaces and places to improve older peoples' inclusion in their communities and cities. Historically and politically people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and people who identify as lesbian, gay, bi, trans + (LGBT+) have been socially excluded from their communities throughout their lives; when people with IDD were housed in institutions and homosexuality was seen as an illness or criminalised. These life experiences put older people from these two groups at greater risk of inequality, discrimination and exclusion in community contexts. Using online technology has also been difficult for older people, particularly for people who already experience exclusion such as those with IDD and those identifying as LGBT+. So far, very little research has been done with these two groups to hear their experiences of local and online community inclusion and exclusion and to better understand how community inclusion can be strengthened in England and Scotland. This study aims to develop knowledge of the community spaces and places (local and virtual) that people with IDD and LGBT+ use in their everyday lives. The main research questions examine how older people with IDD and LGBT+ describe and experience inclusion and exclusion and what these mean to them. We will explore how local and online community places can be improved to reduce social inequalities. Finally, the research will look at how these new ideas might be used to shape government policy and organisational practices. The research is organised in five related work packages. Which are jointly led by university researchers and practitioners in third sector organisations. All stages of the research will be guided by people with lived experience in IDD and LGBT+ in advisory groups. People with IDD and LGBT+ lived experience will work as trained co-researchers on the project. We will use a variety of verbal, visual and geographical methods to access marginalised voices in appropriate ways and enable diverse people's views to emerge.In work package (WP) 1 we will build strong relationships within the study communities, set up advisory groups of older people with IDD and LGBT+, train co-researchers and create an international reference group of 'critical friends' for the project. In WP2 we will recruit participants and access their stories of spaces and places in their communities over time. This will involve generating and co-analysing interactive mapping software data, photography and social network interviews to gain a rich and authentic understanding of inclusion and exclusion. Third sector representatives will also be interviewed for their views. In WP3, we will bring the different data sets together, jointly reflect on and synthesis findings, analysing patterns of inclusion and exclusion across both IDD and LGBT+ groups and understanding what they mean in real world contexts. Four events will be held in WP4 with participants, family members, carers and service providers to evaluate potential new policy and practice solutions for local and online community inclusion. WP5 will translate and share co-produced project knowledge (via knowledge mobilisation champions) across communities, private, public and third sector organisations. This will lead to practical, accessible ideas and a road map for change in community inclusion for people with IDD and people who identify as LGBT+. Findings will also be shared in local, national and international conferences/seminars, publications, third sector and two showcase events and across social media. An impact tracking and evaluation plan has been devised to make sure that findings from this project have impact at individual, community, and policy levels.