"LEVELLING UP" LABOUR SUPPLY

冠状病毒疫情导致退休和长期患病人数增加，英国脱欧和疫情共同导致在英国的欧盟工作人员减少。总而言之，这些变化相当于劳动力规模的大幅减少，这是自“封锁”结束以来，大多数行业的雇主招聘员工面临困难的主要原因，以及工资和条件问题以及他们的地理和社会不平等。人们对英国各地这些劳动力削减来源的不均衡地理位置知之甚少，这推动农村地区和一些伦敦行政区的职位空缺大幅增加，而这些地区恰恰是最依赖外国劳动力的地区。这些信息对于设计有效解决英国不同地区“拉平”经济命运的政策非常重要。至少在短期内，一些地区缺少工人；而另一些地区缺乏工作，尤其是高薪工作。英国政府承诺在英国脱欧后向高工资经济转型，其基础是劳动力供应减少将刺激投资和创新以提高生产率，英国已陷入依赖廉价国际劳动力的低成本经济模式。随着最新证据的出现，这项研究将产生新的数据集，包括2021年人口普查，分析和见解，以评估这一主张及其地理位置，通过检查当地变化与当地劳动力需求、供应、工资、生产率和失业率之间的联系。更广泛地说，这项研究将更好地了解英国脱欧和疫情对英国不同地区当地劳动力市场和当地经济的影响，为未来经济应对冲击的规划提供信息，并评估英国新移民政策在满足英国各地劳动力需求和技能短缺方面的有效性。

The Coronavirus pandemic has led to increases in retirement and long-term sickness, and Brexit and the pandemic together have led to a reduction in the number of EU workers in the UK. Together, these changes amount to a large reduction in the size of the workforce, which is the primary reason for difficulties faced by employers in most sectors recruiting staff since the ending of 'lockdown', as well as issue of pay and conditions and their geographical and social inequalities.Little is known about the uneven geography across the UK in these sources of reductions in the workforce in driving the sharpest rises in job vacancies in rural areas and some London boroughs, precisely the areas most dependent on foreign labour. This information is important in designing policies to effectively address "Levelling Up" the economic fortunes of different parts of the UK, with some places short of workers, at least in the short term; and others short of jobs, in particular well-paid jobs. The UK Government has promised a transformation to a high-wage economy following Brexit, predicated on the view that reduced labour supply will stimulate investment and innovation to raise productivity, and that the UK has become locked-in to a low-cost economic model dependent on cheap international labour. The research will produce new datasets as the latest evidence becomes available, including the 2021 Census of Population, analysis and insights to assess this claim and its geography, by examining links between local changes to local labour demand, supply, wages, productivity and unemployment.More generally, the research will better understand the impact of Brexit and the pandemic on local labour markets and local economies in different parts of the UK, to inform planning for future economic resilience to 'shocks', and to assess the effectiveness of the UK new immigration policy in meeting labour demand and skills shortages in all parts of the UK.