Developing an intersectional and socioecological approach for engaging with religion to prevent and respond to sexual and gender-based violence

在过去十年中，被迫流离失所的人数翻了一番，其中约一半是妇女和女孩。在过境国和避难国，妇女和男子经历强迫移徙的经历不同，在危险的旅程中对普遍存在的性暴力和基于性别的暴力(SGBV)具有明显的脆弱性。全球超过八成的人，以及大多数移民，从属于一种宗教。一方面，在危机中，人们向宗教寻求意义，从焦虑中解脱出来，另一方面，流离失所的人口经常经历基于宗教的歧视、教派间迫害和来自宗教内外的父权暴力。在我的博士研究中，我研究了宗教对SGBV被迫迁移经历的影响，并揭示了幸存者坚韧和脆弱的宗教和精神层面。我探讨了与宗教相关的保护性因素和风险因素，以及与其他因素在人际、社区和社会层面上的交叉。根据对土耳其和突尼斯流离失所妇女和服务提供者的采访，我展示了宗教影响被迫移民幸存者体验SGBV的方式，就她们的脆弱性和韧性而言，但服务提供者往往忽视这一生活现实。我通过解释幸存者相互交错的身份，并将重点放在宗教上，作为一个被忽视和理论化的类别，从而更好地理解了性别暴力的经历。为了改善对SGBV的缓解以及对受害者的心理健康和心理社会支持，我指出迫切需要以了解宗教生活经历的方式将宗教纳入性别分析、政策和实践。本项目根据我的博士论文的建议，制定一种综合的交叉和生态方法，使宗教因素能够纳入SGBV以及心理健康和心理社会支持(MHPSS)方案的设计和交付。我认为，与传统方法相比，这种综合方法在识别和缓解多重风险以及增强受害者的复原力和治愈方面更有效。虽然我的博士学位统一并在新的理论框架中应用了综合的交叉和生态方法，但在研究金期间，我将把这个框架转变为一个实用工具，使用户能够将其应用于情况和需求评估、战略分析、项目规划和监测框架，等等，在人道主义、冲突和发展环境中。为此，我将开发一个综合分析工具，以支持将性别和多样性融入干预措施，并将进行实地测试。此外，发表一篇文章，启动一个专著项目，会议演讲和学术交流，将有助于建立一个跟踪记录，并通过发展关于交叉性、复原力、宗教和被迫流离失所的学术，动员新的声音和资源来应对全球流离失所，从而帮助建立记录和确保平行的学术进步。这些出版物将为针对从业人员和政策制定者的政策简报和指导说明(利用在实地试行的工具)的编制情况提供信息，这些说明将在多方利益攸关方活动中推出，并附有博客文章和政策参与。将在项目初期成立一个特别的利益攸关方小组，由主要机构和对性基于性别的暴力和宗教感兴趣的从业人员组成，以收集对编写技术文件的意见，并确保用户参与。该奖学金的产出范围广泛，旨在通过多方利益相关者的参与实现学术卓越和最大限度的影响，以确保研究成果的传播和吸收。对我的博士定量数据集的额外分析旨在更好地理解SGBV和精神健康结果之间的关系，以及对服务提供者如何处理宗教的额外分析。

The number of forcibly displaced people doubled in the last decade, around half of whom are women and girls. Women and men experience forced migration differently with distinct vulnerabilities to widespread sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) across dangerous journeys, in countries of transit and refuge. More than eight in ten people globally, and most migrants, affiliate with a religion. On the one hand, in crises, people turn to religion for meaning and relief from anxiety, and on the other, displaced populations often experience religion-based discrimination, inter-sectarian persecution and patriarchal violence from within and outside of religion. In my doctoral research, I examined the religious influences on experiences of SGBV in forced migration and uncovered the religious and spiritual dimension of survivors' fortitude and vulnerability. I explored both the protective and risk factors associated with religion intersecting with other factors at interpersonal, community and societal levels. Based on interviews with displaced women in Turkey and Tunisia and service providers, I show religion influences the way forced migrant survivors experience SGBV, in terms of their vulnerability and resilience, but service providers tend to neglect this lived reality. I elicit a better understanding of experiences of gendered violence by accounting for survivors' intersecting identities and focusing on religion, as an overlooked and under-theorised category. To improve SGBV mitigation and mental health and psychosocial support for victims, I point to the urgency of integrating religion into gender analysis, policy and practice in ways where lived experiences of religion are understood.This project acts upon my PhD thesis' recommendation to develop an integrated intersectional and ecological approach to enable the integration of religious factors into SGBV and mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programme design and delivery. I argue such an integrated approach is more effective to identify and mitigate multiple risks and strengthen resilience and healing of victims than traditional approaches. While my PhD united and applied an integrated intersectional and ecological approach in the novel theoretical framework, during the fellowship I will transform this framework into a practical tool to enable users to apply it in situational and needs assessments, strategic analysis, project planning and monitoring frameworks, to name a few, in humanitarian, conflict and development settings. In doing so, I will develop an integrated analysis tool to support gender and diversity integration into interventions, which will be field tested.Also, publishing an article, initiating a monograph project, conference presentations and academic exchange, will help build a track record and ensure a parallel academic progression by developing scholarship on intersectionality, resilience, religion and forced displacement, mobilising new voices and resources to respond to global displacement. The publications will inform the development of policy brief and guidance notes (with a tool piloted in the field) oriented toward practitioners and policymakers which will be launched in multi-stakeholder events, accompanied by blog posts and policy engagements. A special stakeholder group, comprised of leading agencies and practitioners interested in SGBV and religion, will be formed early in the project to gather input into development of technical documents and ensure user engagement. Outputs of this fellowship are wide-ranging and oriented toward achieving academic excellence and maximising impact through multi-stakeholder engagement to ensure research dissemination and uptake. The additional analysis of my PhD quantitative data sets aims to better understand relationship between SGBV and mental health outcomes, and additional analysis of how service providers approach religion.