RADICAL: Respect and Disrespect in Children's and Adolescents' Lives

代际关系方面的危机日益加深，同时人们对儿童和青年(CYP)的心理健康和福祉日益关注，这种危机可能与CYP、他们的同龄人和其他几代人之间的日常互动有关，或体现在这些互动中。我们团队中的年轻研究人员将这些与“尊重”、“不尊重”和/或“缺乏尊重”的问题联系在一起。当然，给予和获得尊重的经历，以及经历和表现不尊重的经历，将取决于个人和他们的情况：例如，一套行为可能是为了获得同龄人的尊重(通过抗议被认为的侮辱)而故意不尊重(例如，对老师)。CYP可能会将成年人的某些行为解读为不尊重，比如禁止成群结队地进入商店，而其他人可能会认为这是一种必要的商业行为。许多成年人期望得到CYP的尊重，但并不总是以他们理解的方式或原因。尊重很少是与CYP相关的研究的主要焦点，而关于不尊重的研究更是罕见。没有一个是CYP作为合作研究人员参与的。此外，对于这个项目来说，尊重和不尊重已经被成年人理论化、定义和研究，通常是成年人作为受访者。在现有的研究中，成年人反映缺乏尊重，当被问及他们与成年人和其他人的关系时，CYP经常评论对他们缺乏尊重。我们从一开始就与CYP的一个顾问小组合作，以确定研究的重点和设计(研究本身是一种激进的方法)，并将以我们认为在儿童研究中具有高度创新性的方法，继续与他们和一个更小的儿童顾问小组合作，发展他们自己的尊重和不尊重的理论，这将指导研究；有助于决定将研究什么以及如何进行；并理解、发布、分发和传播这些发现。我们将使用各种方法来使CYP能够发展出尊重的理论，并捕捉CYP关于尊重/不尊重/缺乏尊重的观点、态度和生活经验。这些调查将包括：对一大群儿童进行代表性调查；在“对话中心”与儿童保护组织团体开展参与性研究，以及对儿童保护组织进行个别叙述性访谈，这些儿童可能以不同的方式经历尊重/不尊重，例如，残疾人；有护理或刑事司法系统经验的人；LGBT+者；少数民族；以及患有慢性病和看不见的健康状况的人。在项目的每个阶段，我们将作为合作研究人员与CYP合作，确定询问什么、如何询问，以及如何理解、公布和利用调查结果来改善CYP的体验。研究将以北爱尔兰为基础，使我们能够利用我们广泛的网络，在整个过程中与政府以及公共和志愿部门的关键利益攸关方合作。我们将把CYP与重要的成年人和来自与CYP生活相关的各种领域的决策者联系起来，这些领域包括教育、社会和医疗保健、交通和商业--这些群体被我们的年轻合作研究人员确定为目标利益相关者。这一方法将通过贡献一种儿童撰写的尊重和不尊重理论来开辟新的天地。它还将试验新的方法，并挑战关于儿童如何理解和体验尊重的现有假设。这些发现将为地方政府的政策和专业实践提供信息，以期改善CYP与他们的同龄人和他们生活中的成年人之间的关系。此外，我们将与CYP和成人利益相关者合作，确定展示这些发现并使其产生影响的最有效方式，并将以创新的、创造性的代际展示来完成该项目。

There is a deepening crisis in intergenerational relationships which, alongside a growing concern about children and young people's (CYP) mental health and well-being, may be linked to, or manifest in, everyday interactions between CYP, their peers and other generations. The young co-researchers in our team have linked these to issues of 'respect', 'disrespect' and/or 'lack of respect'. Experiences of giving and getting respect, and experiencing and showing disrespect, will depend, of course, on individual CYP and their circumstances: one set of behaviours may, for example, be a deliberate attempt to be disrespectful (e.g.to a teacher) in order to gain respect of peers (by protesting against a perceived indignity). CYP may interpret certain behaviours of adults, such as bans on entering shops in groups as disrespectful, while others might see this as a necessary business practice. Many adults expect to have the respect of CYP, but not always in ways or for reasons that are understood by them.Respect is rarely the primary focus of research related to CYP, and research on disrespect is rarer still. In none are CYP involved as co-researchers. Further, and significantly for this project, respect and disrespect have been theorised, defined and researched by adults, often with adults as respondents. In existing research, adults report a lack of respect shown by CYP, and CYP, when asked about their relationships with adults and others, often comment on a lack of respect shown to them.We have worked from the outset with an advisory group of CYP to determine the focus and design of the research (a radical approach to research in itself), and, in an approach that we consider to be highly innovative in childhood research, will continue to work with them and an advisory group of younger children to develop their own theories of respect and disrespect which will guide the study; contribute to decisions about what will be researched and how it will be carried out; and to understand, publish, distribute and communicate the findings. We will use a variety of methods to enable CYP to develop a theory of respect, and to capture CYP's views, attitudes and lived experience of respect/disrespect/lack of respect. These will include: conducting representative surveys of a large group of children; undertaking participatory research with groups of CYP in 'dialogue hubs', as well as individual narrative interviews with CYP who may experience respect/disrespect in distinctive ways, for example, those with disabilities; who have experience of care or the criminal justice system; who are LGBT+; ethnic minorities; and who have chronic and invisible health conditions. At every stage of the project, we will work with CYP as co-researchers to determine what is asked, how it is asked, and how the findings should be understood, made public and used to improve CYP's experiences.The study will be based in Northern Ireland, enabling us to harness our extensive networks to collaborate throughout with key stakeholders in government and across the public and voluntary sectors. We will connect CYP to significant adults and decision-makers from a variety of spheres connected to CYP lives including education, social and health care, transport and businesses - groups identified as target stakeholders by our young co-researchers. The approach will break new ground by contributing a child-authored theory of respect and disrespect. It will also trial new methods, and challenge existing assumptions about how children understand and experience respect. The findings will inform local government policy and professional practice with a view to generating improved relationships among CYP and their peers and the adults in their lives. We will, in addition, work with CYP and adult stakeholders to determine the most effective ways of presenting those findings and making them impactful, and will complete the project with an innovative, creative intergenerational showcase.