INFORMATION-PROCESSING DEFICITS IN SCHIZOPHRENIC CHILDREN

这个项目的设计是为了增加不断增长的文学作品 关于精神分裂症儿童的核心认知障碍。 成人和儿童精神分裂症患者都表现出广泛的 在各种认知任务上的障碍。然而，如果这些 经过仔细的研究，我们似乎没有 能够识别特定的流程，该流程始终 在精神分裂症患者中受损。这表明， 损伤更多的是系统性的，而不是简单地包含在一个小的 一组可隔离的信息处理功能。在这项研究中， 基于特雷斯曼的注意的特征整合理论 和Gelade，精神分裂症儿童识别 串行和并行模式的任务相关性和参与 对视觉搜索进行了研究。数据显示，精神分裂症患者 儿童与MA匹配的对照组儿童在 他们使用并行视觉搜索策略和连续视觉 搜索战略，以及他们对下列情况的认识 其中每一个都是最优策略。重要的是，这些数据还 显示精神分裂症儿童有明显更大的 启动时间则在MA匹配的控制组中启动 他们的搜索策略。这个差值在480的范围内 MSECS。这比预计的要大得多。 仅仅是按下按钮时的马达延迟。这些结果表明 精神分裂症患者没有特定的 信息处理赤字，而是全球时间赤字 为了启动任何信息处理策略的操作， 无论是自动策略还是需要注意的策略。 这样的不足在所有需要加速的任务中都会很明显。 信息处理，并在实时处理中 信息。

This project was designed to add to the growing body of literature concerning core cognitive impairments in schizophrenic children. Both adult and child schizophrenics show a wide range of impairments on a variety of cognitive tasks. However, if these studies are examined carefully, it does not appear that we have been able to identify a specific process that is consistently impaired in schizophrenic individuals. This suggests that the impairment is more systemic, not simply contained within a small set of isolable information processing functions. In this study, based on the Feature Integration Theory of Attention by Treisman and Gelade, the ability of the schizophrenic child to recognize the task relevance of, and engage in, serial and parallel modes of visual search is examined. The data reveal that schizophrenic children are as competent as MA-matched control children in their use of a parallel visual search strategy and a serial visual search strategy, and in their recognition of the situations under which each is the optimal strategy. Importantly, the data also reveal that schizophrenic children have a significantly greater start-up time then the MA-matched controls in the initiation of their search strategies. This difference is in the range of 480 msecs. This is much greater than would be predicted on the basis of merely a motor delay in button pushing. These results suggest that the schizophrenic individual does not have a specific information processing deficit, but rather a global deficit in time to initiate the operation of any information processing strategy, be it an automatic strategy or an attention demanding strategy. Such a deficit would be apparent in all tasks requiring speeded information processing, and in real-time processing of information.