HORMONAL RESPONSES TO SALT IN NORMAL AND ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

在先前对正常肾素高血压的研究中，有两个亚群 已确认身份。其中一个子组显示出血压对盐的敏感性， 血浆肾素活性异常刺激，尿多巴胺正常， 超常累积钠滞留和血浆无变化 高钠摄入时使用去甲肾上腺素。另一个子集显示 血压对盐不敏感，正常刺激血浆肾素 活跃性，超常尿多巴胺，正常累积钠滞留 高钠时血浆去甲肾上腺素显著降低 入口处。因为平均尿多巴胺与两者呈负相关 钠的累积滞留和血浆中的百分比变化 去甲肾上腺素，这两个亚群之间的差异似乎是 部分可归因于多巴胺能活动的差异。结果： 对正常受试者的类似研究表明，有些人，比如 高血压患者，表现为血压对盐敏感的现象。 与耐盐正常受试者相比，盐敏感正常受试者 受试者受刺激的血浆肾素活性较低，尿量较少 多巴胺，更大的累积钠滞留和更高的血浆 对高钠有较小反应的去甲肾上腺素 入口处。这些初步发现表明，对盐敏感的正常受试者 在质量上与盐敏感型高血压患者相似 在许多方面，许多方面代表了面临发展风险的人口 盐敏感型高血压。研究结果还表明，许多人 盐敏感型高血压患者的特征 代表了对正常生理的修改，似乎不是 作为高血压过程的结果而获得。

In previous studies of normal renin essential hypertension two subsets were identified. One subset showed salt-sensitivity of blood pressure, subnormal stimulation of plasma renin activity, normal urinary dopamine, supranormal cumulative sodium retention and no change in plasma norepinephrine during a high sodium intake. The other subset showed salt-insensitivity of blood pressure, normal stimulation of plasma renin activity, supranormal urinary dopamine, normal cumulative sodium retention and a significant decrease in plasma norepinephrine during a high sodium intake. Since mean urinary dopamine correlated inversely with both cumulative sodium retention and the percent change in plasma norepinephrine, the differences between these two subsets appeared to be attributable, in part, to differences in dopaminergic activity. Results of similar studies of normal subjects indicate that some, like the hypertensives, show the phenomenon of salt-sensitivity of blood pressure. Compared to the salt-resistant normal subjects the salt-sensitive normal subjects had a lower stimulated plasma renin activity, lower urinary dopamine, greater cumulative sodium retention and a higher plasma norepinephrine that showed a smaller change in response to a high sodium intake. These initial findings suggest that salt-sensitive normal subjects are qualitatively similar to patients with salt-sensitive hypertension in many respects and many represent the population at risk for development of salt-sensitive essential hypertension. The results also suggest that many features that characterize the salt-sensitive hypertensive subjects represent modifications of normal physiology and do not appear to be acquired as a consequence of the hypertensive process.