GROWTH AND NUTRITION OF NORMAL INFANTS

我们的长期目标是发展对增长的更好理解 以及足月儿和早产儿的营养。量化 每个婴儿每天能量和营养素摄入量的测定 研究与人体测量参数的系列测量相结合 在研究饮食结构的变化对食物的影响 消费和增长。在影响食物的因素研究领域 消费，我们建议研究能量集中，蛋白质 饮食的集中度和甜度。通过一系列的测定 24小时能量消耗(通过将心跳与以下结果相关联 间接量热法，然后积累24小时的心跳)和 通过受试者产生的摄动进行身体成分的连续测量 我们将探索一种电磁场(一种快速、非侵入性的方法) 能量摄入和能量消耗与增长的关系。直接 将使用量热法来尝试验证间接量热法 成长中的婴儿。给药稳定剂损失率的差异 将对同位素(氚和18-0)进行研究，以确定其用途。 在确定能源支出时采用这种方法。蛋白质需要量 的婴儿将被重新评估，特别是与蛋白质摄入量有关的 以及母乳喂养婴儿的蛋白质营养状况。生物利用度 尿素，约占人类母乳总氮的12%，将 用[15N]尿素测定。代谢平衡研究将 应用于临床感兴趣的营养交互作用的研究 小早产儿的管理。

Our long-term goal is the development of a better understanding of growth and nutrition of fullterm and premature infants. Quantitative determinations of energy and nutrients intake of each infant for each day of study are combined with serial measurements of anthropometric parameters in studying the effect of alterations in diet composition on food consumption and growth. In the area of studies of factors influencing food consumption, we propose to study energy concentration, protein concentration and sweetness of the diet. By serial determinations of 24-hour energy expenditures (by relating heart beats to results of indirects calorimetry and then accumulating heart beats for 24 hours) and serial measurements of body composition by subject-created perturbation of an electromagnetic field (a rapid, non-invasive method) we shall explore the relation of energy intake and energy expenditure to growth. Direct calorimetry will be used in an attempt to validate indirect calorimetry in the growing infant. The difference in rate of loss of administered stable isotopes (deuterium and 18-0) will be studied to determine the usefulness of this method in determining energy expenditures. The protein requirement of infants will be re-evaluated, particularly in relation to protein intake and protein nutritional status of breast-fed infants. The bioavailabililty of urea, which accounts for about 12% of total nitrogen of human milk, will be determined with the use of [15N] urea. Metabolic balance studies will be employed in study of nutrient interactions of interest in clinical management of small premature infants.