MECHANISMS OF COLOR DETECTION, INDUCTION AND ADAPTATION

描述：这项建议旨在阐明神经系统的功能， 复杂的颜色和亮度感知的四个领域的机制。 视网膜和早期皮质神经元作为有效的编码器， 刺激信息的传递者。 这个项目将研究神经 转换这些信息的机制， 确定颜色外观、场景分离和三维形状。 (1)当场景中的灯光发生变化时，物体似乎有系统地 不同的颜色，从而可能提供有关颜色的信息 物体和光源。 观察者识别 这些颜色将被测量并与基于启发式的计算机 算法 (2)复杂显示器的空间配置决定了颜色 一个地区的发展受到周边地区的影响。 时间调制 实验将分离构型对求和过程的影响 来自于横向神经连接的增益变化。 (3)视觉适应有助于提高对预期变化的敏感性。 对于杂色场景，最有效的方法是调整 对刺激范围的敏感性。 实验将检验 调节这种敏感性的因素以及眼球运动在 过程 (4)相对速度有助于分离场景中的物体， 可以从速度的空间变化中感知三维形状 一个人 一组速度波将被用来研究的贡献， 颜色和亮度来检测速度变化， 特征跟踪和运动能量机制。 这些实验将有助于 为场景分割的计算模型识别神经基质 和形状推断。 本计画之实验与理论结果将提供指导 用于皮层颜色和亮度机制的生理学研究，以及 有助于理解视觉功能的问题是如何引起后天 和先天性大脑疾病

DESCRIPTION: This proposal aims to elucidate the functioning of neural mechanisms in four domains of complex color and brightness perception. Retinal and early cortical neurons function as efficient encoders and transmitters of stimulus information. This project will study later neural mechanisms that transform this information so that it can be used to determine color appearance, scene segregation, and three-dimensional shape. (1) When a light on a scene changes, objects appear to have systematically different colors, thus potentially providing information about the colors of the objects and the illuminants. The abilities of observers to identity these colors will be measured and related to heuristic based computer algorithms. (2) The spatial configuration of a complex display determines how the color of a region is affected by surrounding regions. Temporal modulation experiments will separate configurational effects on the summation process from gain changes in lateral neural connections. (3) Visual adaptation serves to increase sensitivity to expected changes. For variegated scenes, it is most efficient to adapt the range of sensitivity to the range of stimulation. Experiments will examine the factors that tune this sensitivity and the role of eye movements in the process. (4) Relative velocities help to segregate objects in a scene, and observers can perceive three-dimensional shapes form spatial variations in velocity alone. A set of velocity waves will be used to study the contribution of color and luminance to detecting velocity variations through feature-tracking and motion-energy mechanisms. These experiments will help to identify neural substrates for computational models of scene segmentation and shape inference. The experimental and theoretical results of this project will provide guides for physiological studies of cortical color and luminance mechanisms, and help to understand how problems of visual function are caused by acquired and congenital brain disorders.