BEHAVIORAL DYSREGULATION--LIABILITY TO DRUG ABUSE

已经确定了许多与毒品有关的危险因素 在很小的时候就开始使用。大多数研究都集中在 环境因素，如家庭、同龄人、邻居、学校和 居住条件。尽管在这方面进行的研究较少 对药物易感性的内在个体因素的表征 使用和滥用，各种认知、动机和情感风险 这些特点也被揭示出来。 围绕个人责任的特征可能是吝啬的 以缺乏行为规范为特征的。常见报道 风险因素包括，例如，冲动，寻求感觉， 情绪易感性，注意力缺陷，难相处的气质， 反应性攻击性、行为偏差、多动症、低隐蔽性 语言能力强，易怒。然而，到目前为止，还没有 努力对个人责任进行概念化和特征化 在理论上连贯的和经验上的物质滥用 包含这些内容的集成框架，以及相关的 特点。 这一级别的Il RSDA有三个目标：第一个目标是发展和 心理测量学验证行为调节量表(BRS)，它可以 作为青少年的自我报告和家长的告密者报告 也被老师们。由三个特征组成的多维量表 (认知、动机、情感)会得到发展。这是假设的 这些特征包括三个一阶因子和一个二阶因子 因素。第二个目标是确定BRS的规模 和总分区分青春期前男性和女性受试者 有很高的药物滥用风险(基于家族史) 处于中等风险。据推测，高危人群将表现出 更严重的失调，男性在动机上得分更高 女性在情感维度上得分较高。这个 第三个目标是确定行为失调的程度 在10-12岁和12-14岁时测量，调解家庭 以及12-14岁时物质使用和预期的同伴风险因素。它 假设行为失调是一个不可或缺的因素 调解关键环境风险因素。

Numerous risk factors have been identified which are associated with drug use onset at a young age. Most of the research has focused on environmental factors, such as family, peers, neighborhood, school, and dwelling conditions. Although there has been less research conducted on characterizing the individual factors intrinsic to the liability to drug use and abuse, a variety of cognitive, motivational and affective risk characteristics have been also revealed. The features encompassing the individual liability can be parsimoniously characterized as a deficiency in behavioral regulation. Commonly reported risk factors include, for example, impulsivity, sensation seeking, emotional susceptibility, attentional deficits, difficult temperament, reactive aggressivity, behavioral deviancy, hyperactivity, low covert language capacity, and irritability. To date, however, there has been no effort to conceptualize and characterize the individual liability to substance abuse within a theoretically coherent and empirically integrated framework that encompasses these latter, and related characteristics. This level Il RSDA has three aims: The first objective is to develop and psychometrically validate a Behavior Regulation Scale (BRS) which can be used as a self-report for youth as well as an informant report by parents and by teachers. A multi-dimensional scale consisting of three traits (cognition, motivation, affect) will be developed. It is hypothesized that these traits comprise three first-order factors and one second-order factor. The second aim is to determine the extent to which the BRS scales and total score differentiated prepubertal male and female subjects who are at high risk for substance abuse (based on family history) from those at average risk. It is hypothesized that the high risk group will show greater dysregulation with males scoring higher on the motivational dimension and females scoring higher on the affective dimension. The third aim is to determine the extent to which behavioral dysregulation measured at ages 10-12 and again at 12-14 years of age, mediates family and peer risk factors on substance use and expectancies at age 12-14. It is hypothesized that behavioral dysregulation is an integral factor mediating key environmental risk factors.