MATERNAL CONTROL FEEDING STYLE--EATING/OBESITY EFFECTS

描述(申请人摘要)：儿童肥胖症是一种流行的 这个国家的情况越来越糟。考虑到它对健康的负面影响，它 对于确定儿童肥胖的环境原因是至关重要的，以便 制定最有力的干预措施和预防措施。在 “导师临床科学家发展奖”的背景，建议 研究验证了这样一种假设，即更多的母性控制 喂养方式(MCFs)导致(1)儿童热量补偿差和(2) 儿童体脂增加。我们称之为“母性控制”模式。 儿童饮食和这些研究不允许关于 效果方向。因此，此模型可能不能准确地描述 儿童肥胖的发展途径。 我们提出了一项双胞胎研究，它更严格地测试了“母亲” 我们将研究88对3-5岁的双胞胎，以及 他们的母亲。将招募44对男女各一对，因此 允许我们在女孩和男孩中分别测试假设的模型。 在每个性别中，一半的双胞胎将是单卵母细胞，另一半将是 双合子。卡路里补偿和全身肥胖的衡量标准将 关于儿童题材的讨论。McF的自我报告和行为测量， 和一般父母控制(GPC)，将对母亲采取。vbl.使用 结构方程建模，我们将检验观测数据是否支持 假想的“母性过度控制”模型。这个型号将进行测试。 反对替代模型，包括(1)“儿童驱动的”因果模型 哪种儿童表型导致CCF值增加，(2)“互惠”的因果关系 模型，(3)“基因驱动的”因果模型，在该模型中，一个共同的基因 素质导致卡路里补偿不足和肥胖增加 儿童，这反过来会引起MCF值的增加；以及(4)“一般父母” “对照”模型，其中GPC导致子代表型变异。标准 统计标准将决定哪个模型(S)是最适合的 观测数据。 这项研究将在由专家领导的更广泛的背景下进行 培训计划。在短期内，候选人将获得个人 指导、“动手”培训以及与该领域专家的课程合作 行为遗传学的设计和分析，以及儿童的测量 卡路里补偿和身体成分。领先实验室，进进出出 的主场机构，都将是训练场地。就长期而言， 目标，候选人将获得成功竞争的技能 高级研究计划(例如，一等奖，RO-1) 环境对儿童进食行为和肥胖的影响。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): Pediatric obesity is a prevalent and increasing condition in this country. Given its negative health effects, it is essential to identify environmental causes of pediatric obesity so as to develop the most powerful interventions and prevention efforts. Within the context of a "Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award," the proposed research tests the hypothesis that greater amounts of Maternal Control Feeding Style (MCFS) cause (1) poor child caloric compensation and (2) increased child body fat. We call this the "Maternal Overcontrol" model of child eating and these studies do not allow for statements regarding direction of effect. Consequently, this model may not accurately depict a pathway by which pediatric obesity develops. We propose a twin study which more rigorously tests the "Maternal Overcontrol" model. We will study 88 twin pairs, 3-5 years of age, and their mothers. Forty-four pairs of each sex will be recruited, thus allowing us to test the hypothesized model separately among girls and boys. Within each gender, half of the twins will be monozygotic and half will be dizygotic. Measures of caloric compensation and total body adiposity will be taken on child subjects. Self-report and behavioral measures of MCFS, and general parental control (GPC), will be taken on mothers. Using structural equation modeling, we will test whether the observed data support the hypothesized "Maternal Overcontrol" model. This model will be tested against alternative models, including (1) a "child-driven" causal model in which child phenotypes elicit increased MCFS, (2) a "reciprocal" causal model, (3) a "genotype-driven" causal model in which a common genetic diathesis causes poor caloric compensation and increased adiposity in children, which in turn elicits increased MCFS, and (4) a "general parental control" model, in which GPC causes variation in child phenotypes. Standard statistical criteria will determine which model(s) are best "fit" by the observed data. This study will be conducted within the broader context of an expert-led training program. In the short-run, the candidate will receive personal instruction, "hands-on" training, and course work with experts in the areas of behavior genetics design and analysis, and the measurement of child caloric compensation and body composition. Leading laboratories, in and out of the home institution, will be training sites. In terms of long-term goals, the candidate will obtain the skills to successfully compete for advanced research programs (e.g., FIRST AWARD, RO-1) concerning environmental influences on child eating behavior and adiposity.