PARENT/CHILD CONFLICT--LESSONS IN EMOTION AND MORALITY

幼儿和父母之间的冲突在幼儿和学龄前时期是经常发生的。尽管如此，然而，亲子冲突已收到研究人员的关注相对较少，因此，这种早期冲突可能在儿童的社会情感发展中发挥的作用还没有得到很好的理解。因此，当前研究的目标是研究早期冲突的频率和性质（例如，在幼儿期的后半期，谈判的存在（与儿童随后在3岁时的社会情感和社会道德发展有关。60名幼儿和他们的母亲将参加一项为期6个月的纵向研究。在第一个评估期，当孩子30个月大时，母亲和孩子将参加一系列结构化的实验室任务，旨在为二元体中的冲突提供机会，并进行1个半小时的非结构化家庭观察。将从实验室会议和家庭访视中制作成绩单，所有冲突事件将被识别并编码为某些元素（例如，谈判、情感和规则的讨论、解决和冲突主题）。在第一个评估阶段，当孩子36个月大时，孩子将参加一系列旨在评估情感理解，社会能力，家庭关系感知和早期良心发展的措施。为了澄清这种早期冲突和随后的社会情绪功能之间的关系，冲突频率分数和编码的冲突元素在30个月将被用来预测分数的社会情绪结果的措施，当孩子是36个月。

Conflict between a young child and her parents is both frequent and normative during the toddler and preschool years. Despite this, however, parent-child conflict has received relatively little attention by researchers, and thus the role that this early conflict might play in a child's socioemotional development is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of the current research is to examine how differences in the frequency and nature of early conflict (e.&, the presence of negotiation) during the latter half of the toddler period relate to a child's subsequent socioemotional and sociomoral development at age 3. 60 toddlers and their mothers will take part in a six-month longitudinal study. At the first assessment period, when the child is 30 months, the mother and child will participate in a series of structured laboratory task designed to provide opportunities for conflict in the dyad and in a 1 & 1/2 hour unstructured home observation. Transcripts will be made from the laboratory session and home visit and all episodes of conflict will be identified and coded for certain elements (e.g., negotiation, discussion of emotion and rules, resolution, and conflict theme). At the first assessment period, when the child is 36 months, the child will participate in a battery of measures designed to asess emotional understanding, social competence, perceptions of family relationships, and early conscience development. To clarify the relation between this early conflict and subsequent socioemotional functioning, conflict frequency scores and the coded elements of conflict at 30 months will be used to predict scores on the socioemotional outcome measures when the child is 36 months.