LINGUISTIC EXPERIENCE AND SPEECH PERCEPTION IN CHILDREN

该项目的长期目标是更好地了解 语言经验减少对语言发展的影响。 对B的具体模型进行了测试，称为“音系基础假设”。 (PBH)，表明语言经验减少的儿童 显示出语音发展的延迟，这些延迟解释了 语言延迟（即，句法）发展。 这种模式是从 两个来源：（1）PI的工作表明， 分配给声学语音参数的感知权重， 这种转变与语音的发展有关， 意识;（2）其他人的工作表明，语音意识差 与对复杂句法的理解能力差有关。 一个替代 有待验证的假设是，语言能力下降的儿童 经验表明，在一般的数据处理中， 能力，这些缺陷将解释他们的延迟， 语言发展 实验将用三组 被认为语言经验减少的儿童（ 慢性中耳炎病史，来自低社会经济地位的儿童 环境和听力受损儿童）和一组对照组 孩子 五个具体目标将测试的假设，儿童与 语言经验的减少表明成熟的发展延迟， 加权策略和语音意识;延迟 这些技能的发展导致理解问题， 复杂的句法;语言经验的早期短暂缺陷 可以克服，如果后来的经验是足够的和适当的; 减少语言经验的条件是增加他们的 影响;语音或语言发展的延迟不是 这是由于一般听觉处理的差异。 结果应该有 对儿童的医学和行为治疗的影响 中耳炎，儿童生活在低社会经济环境， 听力受损的儿童。

The long-term goal of this project is to develop a better understanding of the effects of diminished linguistic experience on language development. The specific model to b tested, termed the 'phonological base hypothesis' (PBH), suggests that children who suffer diminished linguistic experience show delays in phonological development, and that these delays explain delays in language (i.e., syntactic) development. This model evolved from two sources: (1) work by the PI showing a developmental shift in the perceptual weights assigned to acoustic speech parameters and suggesting that this shift is correlated with the development of phonological awareness; and (2) work by others showing that poor phonological awareness is correlated with poor comprehension of complex syntax. An alternative hypothesis to be tested is that children with diminished linguistic experience will show deficiencies in general auditory-processing abilities, and that these deficiencies will explain their delays in language development. Experiments will be conducted with three groups of children thought to suffer diminished linguistic experience (children with histories of chronic otitis media, children from low socioeconomic environments, and hearing-impaired children) and a group of control children. Five Specific Aims will test the hypotheses that children with diminished linguistic experience show delays in the development of mature weighting strategies and in phonological awareness; that delays in the development of these skills result in problems with the comprehension of complex syntax; that early, short-lived deficits in linguistic experience can be overcome, if later experience is adequate and appropriate; that conditions that diminish linguistic experience are additive in their effects; and that delays in phonological or language development are not due to differences in general auditory processing. Results should have implications for the medical and behavioral treatment of children with otitis media, children living in low socioeconomic environments, and hearing-impaired children.