WORKPLACE ALCOHOL PROGRAMS FOR WOMEN AND MINORITIES

员工援助计划(EAP)在 最近所有类型的就业环境，但很少有研究估计 这些计划或个别服务的成本和有效性 他们做到了。一般而言，对保健服务的评价研究是 在当今的经济中极其重要，因为医疗费用不断上升 护理，物质对医疗保健市场的额外需求 滥用和艾滋病毒/艾滋病，以及要求改革国民医疗保健的公众压力 护理系统。EAP有可能显著影响对 通过预防和治疗酒精的能力提供卫生保健资源 员工及其家属之间的滥用。考虑到缺乏 评估研究及其在医疗保健中的重要作用 市场，建议的研究将设计和评估一个专门的 针对女性和少数民族的工作场所酒精项目(SWAP) 工人在中西部社区的三个大型工地工作。互换 议定书将包括设计的新的和增强的外联材料 特别是针对妇女和少数民族，增加了两个新的EAP 专门处理与以下问题特别相关的问题的顾问 妇女和少数族裔、修订后的主管、员工和顾问 培训，以及其他几个服务组成部分。我们将整合掉期交易 协议添加到每个工作现场的现有EAP中，以确保所有 员工至少可以获得标准级别的服务和 促进在评价研究结束时继续执行议定书 如果我们发现它是有效的。建议的主要目标是 研究内容是：(L)在三点制定和实施交换协议 工作场所；(2)从以下方面评估互换协议的有效性 EAP利用率、缺勤率、流失率、工作绩效评级、健康 护理支出、酗酒天数和与酒精有关的问题； 以及(3)对交换协议的成本和成本效益进行评估。这个 拟议的研究具有高度的意义，因为EAP很少 经过评估，目标人群在酒精方面的研究不足 研究和利用EAP来解决与酒精相关的问题是极其重要的 在参与工作的工地上很低。我们的发现将为我们提供更丰富的 了解标准和增强型EAP的成本和收益 服务。这一结果也将有助于雇主、政策制定者和EAP 从业者将设计更高效和有效的工作场所酒精 程序。

Employee assistance programs (EAPs) have gained increasing popularity in all types of employment settings recently, but few studies have estimated the costs and effectiveness of these programs or the individual services they deliver. In general, evaluation studies of health services are extremely important in today's economy given the rising costs of health care, the extra demands on the health care market caused by substance abuse and HIV/AIDS, and the public pressure to reform the national health care system. EAPs have the potential to significantly influence the use of health care resources through their ability to prevent and treat alcohol misuse among employees and their dependents. Given the shortage of evaluation studies and the important role of EAPs in the health care market, the proposed study will design and evaluate a specialized workplace alcohol program (SWAP) targeted to women and ethnic minority workers at three large worksites in a midwestern community. The SWAP protocol will include new and enhanced outreach materials designed especially for woman and ethnic minorities, the addition of two new EAP counselors who specialize in issues that are particularly pertinent for women and minorities, revised supervisor, employee, and counselor training, and several other service components. We will integrate the SWAP protocol into the existing EAP at each worksite to ensure that all employees have access to at least the standard level of services and to facilitate continuation of the protocol at the end of the evaluation study if we find it to be effective. The primary objectives of the proposed study are to: (l) develop and implement a SWAP protocol at three worksites; (2) estimate the effectiveness of the SWAP protocol in terms of EAP utilization, absenteeism, turnover, job performance ratings, health care expenditures, days of heavy drinking, and alcohol-related problems; and (3) estimate the cost and cost-effectiveness of the SWAP protocol. The proposed study has a high degree of significance because EAPs have rarely been evaluated, the target populations are understudied in alcohol research, and EAP utilization for alcohol-related problems is extremely low at the participating worksites. Our findings will provide a richer understanding of the costs and benefits of standard and enhanced EAP services. The results will also help employers, policy makers, and EAP practitioners to design more efficient and effective workplace alcohol programs.