COGNITIVE COMPONENTS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTION IN NONHUMAN PRIMATES

很明显，群居的非人类灵长类能够识别个体，而且 根据与社会相关的信息对这些个人进行分类 如熟悉度、亲属关系、年龄、性别和物种。虽然字段和 实验室研究已经澄清了这些歧视性的存在 猕猴的行为，以及实验室实验证明 一些有助于这种辨别能力的线索， 这种能力的认知基础仍不清楚。内存用于 具体的社会特征还没有得到很好的研究。此外， 猴子组织记忆的能力和记忆的程度 组织或能力受刺激性质的影响 (社会的、非社会的、抽象的)仍然是悬而未决的问题。建议数 研究使用实验室实验设计来研究人类和 解决记忆容量和组织问题的动物认知 抽象刺激、社会刺激和非社会自然的记忆 刺激物。研究的具体目的是(1)考察记忆 猕猴的社会分类能力，(2)调查 猕猴记忆组织的本质和确定 当社会刺激出现时，这种组织是否会发生变化；以及 (3)研究猕猴社会刺激的序列清单学习。 猕猴在以下方面为人类提供了一个极好的模型 大脑结构、组织和行为。这只猴子体内有细胞。 颞下皮质，对面部刺激和 这些刺激的特殊属性。在人类中，对世俗的侮辱 中风或意外导致的皮层可导致视觉失认症，表现为 未能辨认个人或未能辨认或 将非社会刺激归入功能类别。发送到 在一定程度上，我们可以发展猴子记忆的组织方法， 我们可以用猴子开发大脑损伤的实验模型， 导致对视觉失认症和其他认知缺陷的理解 在中风和其他神经系统疾病的受害者身上。基础研究 在这里提出的，本质上是非侵入性的，将导致特定的 对猕猴认知组织和记忆能力的认识 可用于建立认知和缺陷动物模型的猴子 在人类身上。

It is clear that group-living nonhuman primates recognize individuals, and classify those individuals according to socially-relevant information such as familiarity, kinship, age, sex, and species. Although field and laboratory studies have clarified the presence of these discriminative behaviors in macaque monkeys, and laboratory experiments have demonstrated some of the cues contributing to such discriminative capacities, the cognitive underpinnings of such capacities remain unknown. Memory for particular social characteristics has not been well studied. Furthermore, the monkey's ability to organize memory and the degree to which memory organization or capacity is affected by the nature of the stimulus (social, nonsocial, abstract) are still open questions. The proposed research uses laboratory experimental designs developed to study human and animal cognition to address questions of memory capacity and organization of memory with abstract stimuli, social stimuli, and nonsocial natural stimuli. The specific aims of the research are (1) to investigate memory capacities for social categories in macaque monkeys, (2) to investigate the nature of memory organization by macaque monkeys and to determine whether such organization changes when social stimuli are presented, and (3) to study serial list learning of social stimuli in macaque monkeys. The macaque monkey provides an excellent model for the human in terms of brain structure, organization, and behavior. The monkey has cells in the inferotemporal cortex which respond specifically to facial stimuli and to particular attributes of these stimuli. In humans, insult to the temporal cortex by stroke or accident can lead to visual agnosias in the form of failure to identify individuals or failure to be able to identify or classify nonsocial stimuli that fall into functional categories. To the extent that we can develop measures of the organization of monkey memory, we can develop experimental models of brain damage with monkeys that can lead to understanding of visual agnosias and additional cognitive deficits in victims of stroke and other neurological disease. The basic research proposed here, which is noninvasive in nature, will lead to specific understanding of cognitive organization and memory capacities in macaque monkeys that can be used to develop animal models of cognition and deficit in humans.