Chitetezo: Improving adolescent road safety and reducing road traffic collisions.

每年有多达140万人死于道路交通碰撞。其中90%以上发生在低收入和中等收入国家。有2000万至5000万人受伤，但幸存下来，往往有改变生活的残疾。青年人是特别脆弱的道路使用者。事实上，在非洲，年轻人死于道路碰撞的可能性比任何其他单一原因都高。在非洲，马拉维是该区域道路交通碰撞发生率最高的国家之一，目前处理道路交通安全问题的办法并不奏效。迄今为止，几乎没有进行任何研究，探讨如何以社区为基础减少中低收入国家青年人在道路上发生交通碰撞的问题，我们一直在努力改善马拉维的道路安全。在这项研究中，我们将评估一种名为Chitetezo（马拉维语，意思是“受保护”）的干预措施是否能改善年轻人的道路安全，减少道路交通碰撞的数量。我们与两位年轻的马拉维艺术家和马拉维布兰太尔一所学校的管理层合作开发了Chitetezo。Chitetezo让青年领导人与其他青年人合作，提高对道路安全及其在安全环境中生活的人权的认识。作为这一进程的一部分，年轻人创作了大型壁画：一幅描绘当地社区目前的道路环境及其危险;另一幅壁画展示了他们希望发生的个人和环境变化，并认为这将导致减少道路交通碰撞。然后，这些年轻人举办一个展览，邀请当地社区和当地政府的成员参加。在展览期间，年轻人展示他们的壁画，并带领成年人讨论他们观察到的问题，以及一些潜在的解决方案。其想法是，青年人和成年人之间的讨论将导致作出决定，以改善当地的道路安全基础设施。我们在布兰太尔的一所学校测试了Chitetezo，发现年轻人喜欢参加，并发现它完全可以接受。此外，有一些证据表明，道路安全基础设施的变化，以改善道路安全发生在3个月后，作为直接的结果，正在交付的干预措施。这项研究Chitetezo将在布兰太尔周围的其他10所学校运行。我们将收集数据，以衡量它是否对年轻人的道路安全行为和当地道路安全基础设施产生了影响。我们将与年轻人谈论他们参与干预的经历，或了解他们学校的情况。我们将与年轻人合作，收集有关道路基础设施的环境影响和年轻人在干预前后的道路安全行为的信息。我们还将对马拉维道路交通安全局例行收集的所有道路碰撞数据进行分析。这些数据将帮助我们了解干预措施是否会随着时间的推移对道路交通碰撞数量产生影响。

Up to 1.4 million people are killed each year as a result of road traffic collisions. Over 90% of these collisions happen in low and middle-income countries. Between 20 to 50 million people are injured but survive, often with life-changing disabilities. Young people are particularly vulnerable road users. In fact, young people are more likely to die from a road collision in Africa than any other single cause. Within Africa, Malawi has one of the highest rates of road traffic collision in the region.Current approaches to dealing with road traffic safety are not working. To date, almost no research has been undertaken looking at community-based ways of reducing road traffic collision with young people in low and middle-income countries.We have been working to improve road safety in Malawi. In this study we will assess whether an intervention called Chitetezo (a Malawian phrase meaning "Protected") improves young people's road safety and reduces the number of road traffic collisions. We co-developed Chitetezo in collaboration with two young Malawian artists and the school management of one school in Blantyre, Malawi. Chitetezo involves young leaders working with other young people to improve understanding about road safety and their human right to live in a safe environment. The young people create large picture murals as part of this process: one which depicts the current road environment in their local community and its dangers; and another mural that shows the personal and environmental changes they would like to occur and believe would lead to reductions in road traffic collisions. The young people then host an exhibition to which they invite members of the local community and local government. During the exhibition, the young people present their murals and lead the adults in a discussion of the problems they have observed, as well as some potential solutions. The idea is that the discussions between young people and adults will lead to decisions being made to improve their local road safety infrastructure. We tested Chitetezo in one school in Blantyre, and found that young people enjoyed taking part and found it fully acceptable. Furthermore, there is some evidence that road safety infrastructural changes to improve road safety occurred 3 months later, as a direct result of the intervention being delivered.This study Chitetezo will be run in 10 other schools around Blantyre. We will collect data to measure whether or not it makes a difference to the road safety behaviour of young people and the local road safety infrastructure. We will speak to young people about their experience of taking part in the intervention, or learning about it happening in their school. We will work together with young people collecting information on the environmental impact of the road infrastructure and young people's road safety behavior, both before and after the intervention takes place. We will also carry out an analysis of all the data on road collisions that are routinely collected by the Malawian Road Traffic Safety Service. This data will help us understand whether or not the intervention has made a difference to the number of road traffic collision over time.