RESPIRATORY AFFERENTS AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INTERACTIONS

本项目的长期目标是深入了解如何 来自呼吸传入神经的信息被整合到 中枢神经系统和用于调节呼吸。 实验 计划代表了我们最初提案的自然进展， 第一年的计划，重点是膈肌传入的能力， 来调节呼吸运动输出。 待测试的假设 在本申请中，小脑（小脑顶核， 特别是）作为膈神经的重要中心整合部位， 以及其他呼吸传入神经的反射调制， 呼吸输出量 正在进行的研究使用麻醉的， decerebellate准备已经证明，而令人信服的是， 小脑有助于两者引起的一般反射反应 机械和化学呼吸挑战。 另外的实验 计划：评估小脑及其深部的受累情况， 核在调节反射反应的激活特定的 呼吸输入（迷走神经、膈神经、肋间神经、腹部神经、颈动脉 体和中央化学感受器）;确定激活的效果 小脑内的细胞体和/或通道纤维 核团对延髓神经元放电行为的影响 并将单位放电行为与伴随的 膈运动输出;研究脑桥呼吸的作用 组和Botzinger复合体在小脑调制的 膈运动输出;以及，表征个体的反应 小脑神经元对电、机械和 呼吸输入的化学激活。 结果应该有助于 对我们理解正常呼吸过程中的呼吸调节 在正常和病理条件下的紧张呼吸。

The long term objectives of this project is to gain insight into how information emanating from respiratory afferents is integrated in the central nervous system and used to modulate respiration. Experiments planned represent a natural progression from our original proposal in year 1 of the program which focused on the ability of diaphragm afferents to modulate the respiratory motor output. the hypothesis to be tested in the present application is that the cerebellum (fastigial nucleus in particular) serves as s significant central integrative site for phrenic as well as other respiratory afferents in the reflex modulation of respiratory output. Ongoing studies utilizing the anesthetized, decerebellate preparation have demonstrated rather convincingly that the cerebellum contributes to the general reflex responses elicited by both mechanical and chemical respiratory challenges. Additional experiments are planned to: evaluate the involvement of the cerebellum and its deep nuclei in the modulation of reflex responses to activation of specific respiratory inputs (vagus, phrenic, intercostal, abdominal, carotid bodies, and central chemoreceptors); determine the effect of activating either cell bodies and/or fibers of passage within particular cerebellar nuclei on the firing behavior of meduallary respiratory-related neurons and correlate unit firing behavior with concomitant changes in the phrenic motor output; investigate the role of the pontine respiratory group and the Botzinger Complex in the cerebellar modulation of the phrenic motor output; and, characterize the response of individual respiratory-related cerebellar neurons to electrical, mechanical and chemical activation of respiratory inputs. The results should contribute to our understanding of respiratory regulation during eupneic and stressed breathing in normal and pathological conditions.