HIV/STD PREVENTION COST-EFFECTIVENESS: METHODS & APPLICS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：申请人的 NIMH支持的研究重点是评估艾滋病毒的成本效益 针对高危人群的预防干预。建议的研究计划 包含四个主要目标--每个目标都与多个 项目。首先是评估以下几种方案的成本效益 社区层面的艾滋病毒预防干预措施。他的第二个目标是改进 进行艾滋病毒预防成本效益分析的现有方法， 包括调整自我陈述和对自我报告风险的回忆偏差 性行为.外推性行为数据以估计的发展方法 干预参与者的“终生”风险；根据 干预效果随时间的持续/衰退；以及调查 人与人之间和人与人之间在感染艾滋病毒的概率上是如何变化的 传输会影响建模练习的结果。第三个目标是 检查艾滋病毒与其他性传播疾病的关系，并纳入非艾滋病毒性传播疾病 成为性风险降低干预的成本效益模型。最后，他 计划开发艾滋病毒/性传播疾病流行病学的动态模型，用于 降低风险干预措施的成本效益分析，给定的类型 在干预效果中通常收集的个人层面的数据 审判。申请者的职业发展计划描述了K奖将如何 促进他在该领域的高级职位和领导地位的进步。 首先，允许他将相当大比例的努力投入到 他的研究计划。第二，通过帮助他彻底发展成为一名研究人员 与同事合作，帮助他扩展和磨练他的 数学和统计技能。第三，腾出时间去追求 课堂学习，帮助他提高知识基础，提高技能 作为一名性病模型师和成本效益研究人员。申请者期望 在资助期内获得的技能和知识，帮助他扩大 研究重点从艾滋病毒到更广泛的性传播疾病。在资助期结束时， 申请者希望已经开发出将两种艾滋病毒结合起来所需的工具 和非艾滋病毒性传播疾病纳入预防成本效益的动态模型 干预措施，从而促进艾滋病毒/性传播疾病科学的发展 预防成本效益。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): The applicant's NIMH-supported research focuses on evaluating the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for at-risk populations. The proposed research program encompasses four main objectives -- each of which is associated with multiple projects. The first is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of several community-level HIV prevention interventions. His second goal is to refine existing methods for conducting HIV prevention cost-effectiveness analyses, including adjusting for self-presentation and recall bias on self-reported risk behaviors; developing methods of extrapolating sexual behavior data to estimate "lifetime" risks of intervention participants; adjusting for the persistence/decay of intervention effectiveness over time; and investigating how inter- and intra-personal variability in the probability of HIV transmission impacts the results of modeling exercises. The third goal is to examine the relationship of HIV to other STDs, and to incorporate non-HIV STDs into sexual risk reduction intervention cost-effectiveness models. Finally, he plans to develop dynamic models of HIV/STD epidemiology for use in cost-effectiveness analyses of risk reduction interventions, given the type of individual-level data that are commonly collected in intervention efficacy trials. The applicant's career development plan describes how a K award would facilitate his progress toward senior status and leadership in the field. First, by permitting him to devote a substantial proportion of his effort to his research plan. Second, by helping him to develop as a researcher thorough collaborations with colleagues who can help him expand and hone his mathematical and statistical skills. Third, by freeing up time to pursue classroom studies to help him improve his knowledgebase and refine his skills as an STD modeler and cost-effectiveness researcher. The applicant expects the skills and knowledge gained during the funding period to help him expand his research focus from HIV to STDs more broadly. By the end of the funding period, the applicant hopes to have developed the tools needed to incorporate both HIV and non-HIV STDs into dynamic models of the cost-effectiveness of prevention interventions and thereby to advance the state of the science of HIV/STD prevention cost-effectiveness.