IMPROVING VALIDITY OF SELF REPORTS OF CANCER SCREENING

这项建议的具体目的是进行一个复杂的析因实验，以评估四种方法来收集自传信息，我们假设可能有助于减少过度报告的健康促进和疾病预防行为。待评价的方法包括：a）从被调查者处收集数据的方式，B）询问获取程序的意图（一种社会上可取的行为）在询问是否发生这种行为之前，c）询问可能阻止他们接受手术的障碍或问题（不做行为的理由）在询问他们是否收到了它之前，以及d）询问他们可能报告的定期检查的例外情况，作为他们年度体检的一部分，作为改善他们估计的一种方式。我们将把这项研究的重点放在三个特定的癌症筛查程序：巴氏试验，乳房X光检查和乳房检查。数据将从800名年龄在55岁及以上的妇女中收集，这些妇女在伊利诺伊州香槟-厄巴纳生活并接受医疗保健，并且在该地区生活了至少五年。在使用计算机辅助电话访谈（CATI）或音频计算机辅助自我访谈（ACASI）完成访谈后，我们将要求受访者允许提取其医疗记录，以验证其自我报告或癌症筛查检查。分析的重点是评估每个实验操作的实际效用，以提高自我报告的准确性。

The specific aim of this proposal is to conduct a complex factorial experiment to evaluate four approaches to collecting autobiographical information that we hypothesize may help reduce over reporting of health promoting and disease prevention behavior. The methods to be evaluated include: a) the mode in which the data are collected from the respondent, b) asking about intention to obtain the procedure (a socially desirable behavior) before asking whether the behavior occurred, c) asking about barriers or problems that might keep them from getting the procedure (justification for not performing the behavior) before asking about whether they had received it, and d) asking about exceptions to the regularity with which they might report getting the examination as part of their annual physical examination, as a way of improving their estimates. We will focus this research on three specific cancer screening procedures: Pap tests, mammograms and breast examinations. Data will be collected from 800 women aged 55 and older who live and receive their health care in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois and who have lived in the area for at least five years. After completing interviews using either computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) or audio computer- assisted self interview (ACASI), we will ask respondents for permission to abstract their medical records in order to validate their self reports or cancer screening examinations. Analyses will focus on assessments of the practical utility of each experimental manipulation for improve the accuracy of self-reports.