SOCIAL DESIRABILITY EFFECTS ON SELF REPORTS OF BEHAVIOR

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：大规模调查 越来越多地调查与健康有关行为， 吸毒和酗酒这些行为中有许多被认为是敏感的 可能的答复者，有时导致拒绝参加 调查，有时是少报被认为是不可取的 行为。同时，调查还调查了常见的行为 被认为是理想的，安全套和安全带的使用和投票行为， 有迹象表明，这种行为往往被过度报道。这 建议调查了两种经常用于减少 询问敏感行为的威胁，并增加 自我报告：基于文本的计算机辅助自我访谈（text-CASI），以及 音频计算机辅助自我采访（音频CASI），比较他们与 和面试官管理。我们假设这些 方法通过增加被调查者的 与面试官管理相关的隐私。 这一领域的大多数研究假设， 行为，少报告社会可取的行为，是更好的 报告.虽然这一假设往往是有道理的，但本研究也 使用社会不良行为（酒后驾车）的有效报告， 以及社会期望行为的有效报告（看牙医， 图书证所有权和选民登记），以测试假设， 采访方式和报道的准确性。 这项研究从三个方面扩展了先前的研究。会审查 采访方式对报道的影响 社会不良行为。还没有人研究过文本的效果， audio-CASI是关于社会期望行为的报告。 它不仅考察了这些行为发生频率的差异， 报告，但根据现有记录验证这些报告。它预测 基于反应理论的文本CASI和音频CASI的差异 行为，并在受控的实验室环境中测试这些预测。 这项研究的成果将是一系列的发现， 计算机辅助自我访谈（CASI） 调查被调查者可能倾向的行为和态度的方法 要么多报要么少报（a）鉴于对以下方面的兴趣和需求日益增加， 关于各种敏感主题的数据，（B）快速开发和部署 近年来，计算机辅助方法的发展，以及（c）越来越多的兴趣， 将这些方法扩展到包括视频和声音， 拟议的研究将对这方面的发展产生重要影响。 区

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Large-scale surveys increasingly inquire into health-related behaviors such as sexual activity, drug use, and alcohol intake. Many of these behaviors are regarded as sensitive by potential respondents, leading sometimes to refusal to participate in the survey and sometimes to underreporting of what are regarded as undesirable behaviors. At the same time, surveys also inquire into behaviors commonly regarded as desirable e.g., condom and seat belt use and voting behavior and there are indications that such behaviors tend to be over-reported. This proposal investigates two alternative methods frequently used to reduce the threat of asking about sensitive behaviors and to increase the truthfulness of self-report: text-based computer assisted self-interviewing (text-CASI), and audio-computer assisted self-interviewing (audio CASI), comparing them with each other and with interviewer administration. We hypothesize that these methods increase the truthfulness of self-report by increasing the respondent's privacy relative to interviewer administration. Most research in this area assumes that more reporting of socially undesirable behavior, and less reporting of socially desirable behavior, is better reporting. Although this assumption is often warranted, the present study also uses validated reports of socially undesirable behavior (drunk driving), as well as validated reports of socially desirable behavior (dental visits, library card ownership and voter registration), to test hypotheses about interview mode and accuracy in reporting. The proposed research extends prior research in three ways. It examines the effect of mode of interviewing on reporting socially desirable as well as socially undesirable behavior. No one has yet examined the effect of text- or audio-CASI on the reporting of socially desirable behaviors. It examines not only differences in the frequency with which these behaviors are reported, but validates those reports against existing records. It predicts differences between text-CASI and audio-CASI based on a theory of response behavior, and tests those predictions in a controlled laboratory setting. The products of the research will be a set of findings that will guide the development and implementation of computer assisted self-interviewing (CASI) methods for surveys of behaviors and attitudes that respondents may be inclined to either over- or underreport. Given (a) the increasing interest and need for data on a variety of sensitive topics, (b) the rapid development and deployment of computer assisted methods in recent years, and (c) growing interest in extending these methods to include video as well as sound, the findings of the proposed research will have important implications for developments in this area.