PREVENTING HIV INFECTION THROUGH BEHAVIOR CHANGE

描述（申请人摘要）：拟议的研究重点是 制定和评估预防艾滋病毒传播的干预措施 通过行为改变;并调查 性风险行为和物质使用。 五个项目（11项研究）是 计划好了 项目1（研究1）将评估艾滋病毒风险降低 对患有严重精神疾病的成年人进行干预;并确定 信息-动机-行为技能模型能否解释 风险行为的变异性。 项目2（研究 2、3和4）旨在减少药物滥用及其不良后果 通过增强精神分裂症患者的改变准备。 项目 3（研究5和6）将评估急性酒精的影响 中毒对艾滋病毒风险认知和行为技能的影响; 这两项研究将用于进行路径分析，以确定 酒精影响危险性行为的机制。 项目 4（研究7、8和9）将采用荟萃分析方法来确定 自我效能与艾滋病毒风险降低之间的关系， 艾滋病毒咨询和检测（CT）计划的有效性，以及 团体和社区一级减少艾滋病毒风险方案的有效性。 项目5（研究10和11）将评估 申请人对低收入人群降低艾滋病毒风险的激励方法 城市妇女，并确定这种干预措施的有效性 根据治疗提供者的不同而不同。 申请人的职业 发展计划侧重于旨在促进 继续向外地的高级地位和领导地位迈进。 这些活动包括通过正规课程进行继续教育， 专业会议;与社区领导人合作，以及 作为高级科学家;参与科学教育， 本科生和研究生，博士后研究员，和大三学生 教师。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The proposed research focuses on developing and evaluating interventions to prevent HIV transmission through behavior change; and investigating the relationship between sexual risk behavior and substance use. Five projects (11 studies) are planned. Project 1 (Study 1) will evaluate a HIV risk reduction intervention with adults who have a severe mental illness; and determine whether the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model can account for variability in risk behavior in this population. Project 2 (Studies 2, 3, and 4) seeks to reduce drug abuse and its negative consequences by enhancing readiness-to-change in persons with schizophrenia. Project 3 (Studies 5 and 6) will evaluate the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on HIV risk perceptions and behavioral skills; data from these two studies will be used to conduct path analyses to determine the mechanism(s) by which alcohol influences risky sexual behavior. Project 4 (Studies 7, 8, and 9) will employ meta-analytic methods to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and HIV-risk reduction, the effectiveness of HIV-counseling and testing (CT) programs, and the effectiveness of group and community-level HIV-risk reduction programs. Project 5 (Studies 10 and 11) will evaluate the effectiveness of the applicant's motivational approach to HIV risk reduction with low-income urban women, and determine if the effectiveness of this intervention differs as a function of the treatment provider. The applicant's career developmental plan focuses on activities designed to facilitate continued progress toward senior status and leadership in the field. These activities include continuing education through formal courses and professional conferences; collaboration with community leaders as well as senior scientists; and involvement with science education provided to undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and junior faculty.