SUBCUTANEOUS FAT, BLOOD LIPIDS AND SUBSEQUENT OUTCOME

这一创新建议的长远意义在于：a）更好地了解正常个体中身体组成的量和分布的健康影响，B）与其他因素相关地检查使个体作为儿童和/或成人易患高水平身体肥胖风险和其他心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素的影响，以及c）应用新的方法和统计分析技术来衡量和更好地描述这些关系。这是两个总体的综合具体目标，每个目标都包含一套具体的假设，侧重于系列和横截面数据。 这些目标是：a）收集和使用1929年开始的Fels纵向研究中超过850名核心参与者的长期序列数据，以确定儿童期、成年期和老年初期身体组成变化模式、脂肪相关变量和其他CVD风险因素之间的关系，以及B）检查身体组成、脂肪组织分布、心血管疾病的危险因素和生活方式变量。 通过对身体肥胖的持续量化（使用包括人体测量法，水和空气密度测定法，生物电阻抗法和双能X射线吸收法等方法），对特定CVD风险因素的评估，以及对这些特征的变化性质和相互关系的调查，这些领域的科学知识将继续发展。使用新的和现有的长期序列数据，将确定与CVD风险因素和身体成分相关的特定变量变化模式之间的关系。 这项研究的一个主要优势是，它允许在整个生命周期的不同时间对序列和横截面设置中的许多可能的关系进行评估。因此，创新的分析方法将与各种假设一起使用，这些假设集中在生命的不同时期，从出生到老年早期，以解决提案的具体目标。 要考虑的假设类型包括：身体组成的变化是否与成熟度、瘦素、体力活动或CVD风险因素（例如，吸烟、血压、胰岛素、脂质/脂蛋白）？ 危险因素的变化模式是否与脂肪组织分布有关？ 持续性肥胖和/或超重的发病年龄与CVD风险因素的后期水平之间的关系是什么？ 围绝经期的身体成分、危险因素或脂肪组织分布有何变化？ 这些变化是否受到激素替代、吸烟、酒精或体力活动水平的影响？

The long-term significance of this innovative proposal is: a) to better understand the health effects of the amount and distribution of the body s composition in normal individuals, b) to examine the influences, in association with others, that predispose individuals as children and/or adults for risk of high levels of body fatness and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and c) to apply new methods and statistical analysis techniques to measure and better describe these relationships. These are two general comprehensive specific aims, each encompassing a set of specific hypotheses focusing on both serial and cross-sectional data. These aims are: a) to collect and use long-term serial data from the over 850 core participants in the Fels Longitudinal Study, which began in 1929, to determine relationships among patterns of change in body composition, fat-related variables, and other risk factors for CVD during childhood, adulthood and the beginning of old age, and b) to examine associations among body composition, adipose tissue distribution, risk factors for CVD, and lifestyle variables. Through continued quantification of body fatness (using methods including anthorpometry, water and air densitometry, bioelectric impedance, and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), evaluation of specific CVD risk factors, and investigation into the nature of the changes in, and the relationships among, these traits, the scientific knowledge in these areas will continue to be advanced. Using new and existing long-term serial data, the relationships between patterns of change in specific variables as they relate to CVD risk factors and body composition will be determined. One major strength of the study is that it allows numerous possible relationships, in both serial and cross-sectional settings, to be evaluated at varying times throughout the lifespan. Accordingly, innovative analytical approaches will be used with various hypotheses focused at differing times of life, from birth to early old age, to address the proposal s specific aims. Types of hypotheses to be considered include: Are changes in body composition related to concurrent and/or previous levels or patterns of change in maturity, leptin, physical activity, or risk factors for CVD (e.g., smoking, blood pressure, insulin, lipids/lipoproteins)? Are patterns of change in risk factors related to adipose tissue distribution? What are the relationships between the age of onset of persistent obesity and/or overweight and later levels of risk factors for CVD? What are the changes in body composition, risk factors or adipose tissue distribution during the peri-menopausal period? Are these changes affected by hormonal replacement, smoking, alcohol or level of physical activity?