Optimisation of Waste Logistics (OWL) applied initially to Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE)

废物物流优化（OWL）建立在最近NERC TSEC-Biosys项目的基础上，在该项目中，申请人从多标准决策分析方法中开发了生物能源的可持续性评估框架。该框架的新颖之处在于它能够在涉及废物部分（“质量”）的可持续决策中实现价值最大化。希望开发这些优化方法，最初是为了解决有价值的、对环境有重大影响的废弃电气和电子设备（WEEE）逆向物流问题，随后是为了应对更普遍的挑战。请注意。这里描述的优化技术将被NERC归类为一种技术。重点是为这个和后续的应用开发这项技术。该技术的应用是在可持续发展方面，这属于NERC的职权范围。这项技术将使科学可持续发展。显然，在废物管理中需要可持续的科学来推进其实践。OWL将首先为WEEE指令所涵盖的报废电子电气设备开发一个优化的逆向物流系统，其中包括大型和小型家用电器、IT和电信设备、电视、视频和高保利音响等消费设备、照明、小型电气和电子工具、玩具、休闲和运动设备、自动分配器、医疗设备和监测和控制仪器。生产商指定报废电子电气设备回收点；许多是在市民康乐场地提供的。当收集点满时，属于合规计划的生产商将报废电子电气设备带走。报废电子电气设备不被收集的成本可以用填埋费来衡量。报废电子电气设备的数量是废物产生量或预测量。回收部件的价格可通过回收市场获得。运输成本和排放是由市民市容设施和后续处理地点估算的。因此，最大化价值并确定对其有贡献的部分是可行的。事实上，这不仅可行，而且在商业上也很有吸引力。市场价格虽然存在不确定性，但在可持续性的约束下，不会实现最大化总体价值的优化。潜在的额外价值是相当可观的：英国每年产生180万吨和不断增加的报废电子电气设备，据估计，混合报废电子电气设备通常向计划成员收取每吨150英镑或更多的费用。因此，即使只有2%的全系统改进，每年也将价值540万英镑。

Optimisation of Waste Logistics (OWL) builds on the recent NERC TSEC-Biosys project, in which the applicant developed a sustainability assessment framework for bioenergy from Multi-Criterion Decision Analysis approaches. The novelty of the framework is in its ability to enable the maximisation of value in sustainable decisions involving waste fractions ('qualities'). It is desired to develop these optimisation approaches initially for the valuable and environmentally-significant problem of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) reverse logistics, and subsequently for more generic challenges. Note. The optimisation technique described here would be classified by NERC as a technology. The focus is on developing this technology for this and subsequent applications. The application of the technology is in sustainable development, which falls within NERC's remit. The technology will enable sustainable science. There is clearly a need for sustainable science within waste management to advance its practice. OWL will initially develop an optimised reverse logistics system for WEEE covered by the WEEE directive, which includes large and small household appliances, IT and telecommunications equipment, consumer equipment such as TVs, videos and hi-fi, lighting, small electrical and electronic tools, toys, leisure and sports equipment, automatic dispensers, medical devices and monitoring and control instruments. Producers designate collection points for the recycling of WEEE; many are provided at Civic Amenity Sites. When the collection points are full, producers belonging to a compliance scheme take the WEEE away. The cost of WEEE not being collected is measurable by its landfill charges. WEEE quantities are of waste arisings or their forecasts. Prices of recovered components are available through the recycling markets. Transport costs and emissions are estimated from Civic Amenity Site and onward processor locations. It is therefore feasible to maximise value and identify the fractions contributing to it. Indeed, not only is it feasible, it is a commercially attractive idea. Market prices are available though subject to uncertainty, but optimisation does not take place to maximise overall value within the constraint of sustainability. The potential for extra value is considerable: 1.8 m and rising tonnes of WEEE are generated in the UK each year, and it has been estimated that mixed WEEE is often charged at £150/tonne or more to scheme members . Hence even only a 2% system-wide improvement would be worth £5.4 m per year.