A longitudinal study of depression, anxiety, substance use and cognitive change: PATH Through Life Wave 3

生活之路研究是一项关于抑郁、焦虑、酒精和药物使用的纵向研究。它也是一项关于正常认知发展、轻度认知障碍和痴呆症的研究。Path涉及三组成年人，年龄分别为20-24岁、40-44岁和60岁-的基线年龄。每隔四年对他们进行一次追踪。这项申请为研究的第三波寻求资金，这将允许对基线样本进行8年的跟踪调查。主要目的是发现抑郁、焦虑、药物滥用和认知老化的生物和心理过程之间的关系；确定导致这些疾病的社会人口因素，并更全面地量化精神疾病和认知衰退的社会和经济后果的范围。这些后果包括劳动力参与率下降、关系破裂、家庭和照顾者负担、自杀未遂、对卫生服务的使用以及对社会福利的需求。第三波还将关注为人父母的过渡、生育和心理健康、更年期和退休。将确定成年早期和中期影响健康老龄化和晚年认知衰退的因素。获得有关身体健康、健康习惯、社会网络、就业和工作压力、生活方式活动、个性、家庭结构、身体功能和认知表现的信息。还获得了DNA，最古老的队列中的一个子样本也参与了一项大脑磁共振成像的研究。纵向分析是区分疾病原因并跟踪其在个体内部发展的唯一手段。PATH的独特之处在于其狭窄的年龄组设计和措施的广度，使人们能够详细了解心理健康和疾病的途径，并确定如何预防精神疾病和痴呆症。

The PATH Through Life study is a longitudinal study of depression, anxiety, alcohol and drug use. It is also a study of normal cognitive development, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. PATH involves three cohorts of adults who were aged 20-24, 40-44 and 60-64 at baseline. They are followed up at four yearly intervals. This application seeks funding for Wave 3 of the study, which will allow for 8 years of follow-up of the baseline sample to be conducted. The key aims are to discover the relationships between biological and psychological processes in depression, anxiety, substance abuse and cognitive ageing; to identify the socio-demographic factors contributing to these disorders, and to quantify more fully the range of social and economic consequences of mental illness and cognitive decline. Such consequences include reduced workforce participation, relationship breakdown, family and carer burden, suicide attempts, use of health services and need for social welfare. Wave 3 will also focus on transitions into parenthood, fertility and mental health, menopause, and retirement. Factors in early and mid-adulthood that influence healthy ageing and cognitive decline in late life will be identified. Information is obtained on physical health, health habits , social networks, employment and work stress, lifestyle activities, personality, family structure, physical function and cognitive performance. DNA has also been obtained and a sub-sample of the oldest cohort also participate in a study of brain MRIs. Longitudinal analysis is the only means of distinguishing the causes of disorders and tracking their development within individuals. PATH is unique in its narrow age-group design and breadth of measures, allowing for detailed understanding of the pathways to mental health and illness, and for identification of how to prevent mental illness and dementia.