MEDICAL APPLICATIONS--HIGH PRECISION IN BODY COMPOSITION

体内身体成分测量对于研究 生长发育，衰老过程，营养不良， 病理学如骨质疏松症和获得性 免疫缺陷综合症。 体内中子活化分析 （IVNA）已成为最基本、最精确、最 一种用于人体定量的精确参考标准 成分，虽然很少。 它的有效性一直是 在骨质疏松症、癌症、 生长激素，地中海贫血，营养缺乏， 酒精中毒 然而，其应用局限于以下范围： 受试者身高和体重，校准可用。 该提案定义了1）IVNA的最佳使用，以研究身体 组成的四个临床项目，需要精确和 在人类受试者中的准确测量; 2）使用Monte Carlo模拟和体模研究，以提高精度 和IVNA研究的准确性，并将其扩展到更瘦的 和肥胖的受试者; 3）新的房室模型的应用 分析数据的模型;以及4）BNL的发展 IVNA设施到IVNA技术参考实验室， 应用程序;和5）建立翻译表， 校准拟议的非侵入性方法， IVNA的替代品。 该项目将在一个行政结构中， 采用最先进技术的机制， 测量元素和房室身体组成的方法， 临床项目：IVNA测量全身C、N、Na、P、Cl， 钾和钙，也提供全身脂肪和瘦体重;双重 光子吸收法测量骨矿物质含量和身体 瘦体重和脂肪量;同位素稀释;全身电 电导率;和生物电阻抗分析。 基本 用于校准、验证和分析建模的科学将 以BNL的核心实验室为中心，参与者包括 哥伦比亚大学集团。 临床项目将是 集中在四个主要研究者的实验室里， 纽约市、拿骚县和波士顿的项目， 行政核心集中在圣卢克网站在新 约克。 这些研究项目的结果将提供广泛的 正常参考数据的范围，以及 每个项目计划的研究费用。 这项建议会 加强身体成分研究领域， 大多数人体成分测量的国家标准 技术.

In vivo body composition measurements are vital to research in growth and development, the aging process, the malnutritions, and pathologies such as osteoporosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNA) has become the most basic, the most precise, and the most accurate reference standard for quantifying human body composition, though rarely available. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated in studies on osteoporosis, cancer, effects of growth hormone, thalassemia, nutritional deficiencies, and alcoholism. However, its application is limited in the range of subject height and weight for which calibrations are available. This proposal defines 1) the optimal use of IVNA to study body composition in four clinical projects which require precise and accurate measurements in human subjects; 2) the use of Monte Carlo simulations and phantom studies to improve the precision and the accuracy of the IVNA studies and to extend them to leaner and fatter subjects; 3) the application of new compartmental models to analyze the data; and 4) the development of the BNL IVNA facility to a reference laboratory for IVNA techniques and applications; and 5) the establishment of translation tables to calibrate proposed non-invasive methods which may serve as surrogates for IVNA. This project will assemble in one administrative structure the mechanism for applying the state-of-the-art techniques for measuring elemental and compartmental body composition methods to clinical projects: IVNA to measure total body C, N, Na, P, Cl, K, and Ca, which provide also total body fat and lean mass; dual photon absorptiometry to measure bone mineral content and body lean and fat mass; isotopic dilution; total body electrical conductivity; and bioelectric impedance analysis. The basic science for calibration, validation, and analytic modeling will be centered in the Core laboratory at BNL, with participation by the Columbia University group. The clinical projects will be centered int eh laboratories of the four principal investigators of the projects in New York City, Nassau County, and Boston, with the administrative core centered at the St. Luke's site in New York. Results from these research projects together will provide a wide range of normal reference data, and a significant reduction in cost for the planned studies in each project. This proposal will strengthen the field of body composition research by establishing national standard for most body composition measurement techniques.