Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds

政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC 2007）强调的未来气候预测中最大的不确定性来自于我们对云与太阳和陆地辐射相互作用的缺乏了解（Dufresene & Bony，2008）。在南极洲，云在确定大陆冰盖辐射收支、表面物质平衡和臭氧气候学方面发挥着重要作用。然而，尽管如此，对云特性、气溶胶数量、云凝结核或冰核的现场测量很少，主要关注的是遥感数据集（见Bromwich等人的评论，2012年）。因此，高纬度地区的气候和预报模式的技能比中纬度地区差得多。在这个项目中，我们计划将采样区域扩展到更能代表南极大陆沿海地区的区域。正是在这个沿海地区，云将对气候产生最大的影响，因为在大陆的内部，总云量较少（Lachlan-Cope 2010），存在的云更脆弱。为了实现这一目标，我们将从哈雷研究站进行飞行。

The largest uncertainties in future climate predictions highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC 2007) arise from our lack of knowledge of the interaction of clouds with solar and terrestrial radiation (Dufresene & Bony, 2008). In Antarctica clouds play a major role in determining the continent's ice sheet radiation budget, its surface mass balance and ozone climatology. However in spite of this there are few in situ measurements of cloud properties, aerosol numbers, Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) or Ice Nuclei (IN) with the main focus being on remote sensing data sets (see the review by Bromwich et al 2012). As a result the skill in climate and forecast models at high latitudes is significantly poorer than at mid latitudes. In this is project we plan to extend the regions sampled to ones more representative of the Antarctic continent's coastal region. It is in this coastal region that clouds will have the biggest impact on the climate as in the interior of the continent the total cloud cover is less (Lachlan-Cope 2010) and those clouds that exist are more tenuous. To achieve this we will conduct flights from the Halley research station.