From the bottom to the top: identifying natural geological linkages from deep formations to the surface

在英格兰，从深层地质构造到地表的联系在整个有记录的历史中都是已知和利用的。自上世纪60年代以来，英国一直享受着国内石油和天然气供应的好处，但大部分焦点和大部分产量都来自海上储量。陆上石油生产虽然存在，但直到最近才受到很少的关注，因为页岩和其他致密地层中的陆上石油和天然气(Oog)有可能进行商业开采。对环境和人类健康的适当管制和保护将是成功利用这些机会的关键，并将有赖于根据可靠的科学证据了解这些行动的风险。不幸的是，我们目前对现有自然联系的了解是不完整的，要么是因为数据不存在，要么更有可能是因为数据没有得到适当的汇编。将审查的潜在路径包括断层、不整合、沉积联系、岩溶系统、钻孔、矿井和矿山。该项目建议使用国家地质模型，特别是英国地质调查局与环境局共同编制的GB3D型基岩栅栏图(http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/ukgeology/nationalGeologicalModel/GB3D.html)和其他数据来源和模型，以开发一个国家模型，支持对Oog行业的监管，从而确保环境上的可持续开发。该项目将采取分阶段办法，首先进行广泛的用户协商，建立方法，并对国家现有的数据集和模型进行编目。这些数据和模型将在一个三维地学信息系统中综合起来，以开发一个原型源-途径-受体分析工具。该工具将在现实世界的场景中进行测试，并将基于成功的英国地质勘探器http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/geologyOfBritain/viewer.html，、英国地质勘探者地理信息系统http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/environmentalModelling/groundhogDesktop.html和含水层页岩分离应用程序http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/shaleGas/aquifersAndShales/maps/separationMaps/home.html.等成功的英国地质调查局技术开发一个能够将信息传播给广泛用户的交付系统

Linkages from deep geological formations to the surface in England have been known and exploited throughout recorded history. Since the 1960s, the UK has enjoyed the benefits of a domestic supply of oil and gas but most of the focus and much of the production has been from offshore reserves. Onshore oil production, though it exists, has received much less attention until recently, with the potential for commercial exploitation of onshore oil and gas (OOG) from shales and other tight formations. Appropriate regulatory control and protection of the environment and human health will be crucial to any successful exploitation of these opportunities and will rely on understanding the risks of these operations based on sound scientific evidence. Unfortunately our current knowledge of existing natural linkages is incomplete, either because the data doesn't exist, or more likely because it hasn't been compiled appropriately. Potential pathways that will be examined include faults, unconformities, sedimentary linkages, karst systems, boreholes, mineshafts and mines.The project proposes to use the National Geological Model, in particular the GB3D Bedrock Fence Diagram (http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/ukgeology/nationalGeologicalModel/GB3D.html compiled by the British Geological Survey in conjunction with the Environment Agency) and other data sources and models to develop a national model that will support regulation of the OOG industry, thereby ensuring environmentally sustainable exploitation. The project will follow a staged approach starting with an extensive user consultation, the establishment of the methodology and the cataloging of nationally available datasets and models. The data and models will be synthesised in a three-dimensional Geoscience Information System to develop a prototype source - pathway - receptor analysis tool. This tool will be tested in real world scenarios, and a delivery system enabling the dissemination of the information to a wide range of users will be developed building on successful BGS technology such as the Geology of Britain Viewer http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/geologyOfBritain/viewer.html, the BGS Groundhog GSIS http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/environmentalModelling/groundhogDesktop.html and the Aquifer Shale Separation application http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/shaleGas/aquifersAndShales/maps/separationMaps/home.html.