Identifying and prioritising nature based climate change adaptation measures for addressing future flood risk: creating a systematic evidence map.

这项研究的目的是评估可用于实施基于自然的解决方案(NBS)的证据和工具，以应对英国未来的洪水风险，以建立英国人民、经济和基础设施对气候变化的适应能力。它将通过三个主要阶段做到这一点。首先，我们将绘制英国从业者在气候预测和基于自然的解决方案方面可以借鉴的环境证据基础的现有状态，以应对河流、暴雨和沿海洪水风险。这样做的方式应认识到这些措施的共同效益，以及如何在全面的洪水风险管理方法中使用这些措施。其次，我们将解决现有证据在从业者社区中的可用性问题，以隔离国家统计局证据方面的证据差距和良好做法。第三，该项目将汇集国家统计局周围的研究人员和政策社区，以便根据关键的社会和经济挑战，提出实施英国关于气候适应能力的承诺的新方法，并以一系列不同的形式进行交流。我们与政策和研究社区的接触将围绕各种论坛进行。首先，通过基于案头的研究，我们将寻求了解英国目前与国家统计局有关的一系列证据的主题：(1)了解实施国家统计局所需的证据，如不同规模的新气候预测；(2)了解自然科学和社会科学关于国家统计局有效性的现有数据；以及(3)了解实施国家统计局的机会和障碍，涉及现有的证据库和现有的气候变化项目。其次，我们将通过研讨会与该领域的主要研究人员进行研究，以共同确定研究证据的机会和差距领域。一旦制定了证据格局，我们将与大曼彻斯特的地区从业者合作，以了解现有政策和证据在多大程度上可用于实现他们建设气候适应能力的目标。在这方面，大曼彻斯特是一个很好的案例，因为与建设城市复原力有关的政策承诺，以及目前正在开展的一系列资助项目，以支持国家统计局的实施。这包括欧盟生活+自然课程项目，H2020资助的气候和水弹性绿色城市，可持续经济增长，健康公民和环境(Growth Green)，以及通用汽车被选为Defra城市先锋。虽然我们认识到专注于大曼彻斯特的经验对普遍性的限制，但这项工作应该隔离出有用的见解，特别是对于在城市和地区层面工作的从业者，让他们有机会了解一些围绕权力下放议程的影响(或潜在影响)的问题，以及英国退欧后来自欧洲来源的资金潜在损失。因此，该项目将以各种方式针对不同的研究和政策团体，以便系统地概述英国在利用现有证据基础促进国家统计局的实施以应对未来洪水风险方面面临的挑战和机遇。支持这一点的各种产出包括证据数据库、针对不同类型从业者的政策简报，以及关于根据修订后的英国气候预测使研究对从业者有用的证据差距和良好做法的报告。

The purpose of this research is to provide an assessment of evidence and tools available to implement nature-based solutions (NBS) to address future flood risk in the UK in order to build the resilience of the UK's people, economy and infrastructure to climate change. It will do so through three main phases. Firstly, we will map the existing state of the environmental evidence base that UK practitioners can draw on with respect to climate projections and nature-based solutions to address fluvial, pluvial and coastal flood risk. This shall be done in a way that recognises the co-benefits of these measures and how they can be used within a holistic flood risk management approach. Secondly, we will address the usability of existing evidence amongst the practitioner community in order to isolate evidence gaps and good practice with regard to NBS evidence. Thirdly, the project will bring together a researcher and policy community around NBS in order to propose novel means of implementing UK commitments on climate resilience in light of key social and economic challenges and communicate this in a range of different formats. Our engagements with the policy and research communities will occur around a variety of fora. Firstly, through desk-based research, we will seek to understand the current range of evidence relating to NBS in the UK around the themes of: (1) understanding the evidence required for the implementation of NBS, such as new climate projections at different scales; (2) understanding the available data on the effectiveness of NBS from both the natural and social sciences; and (3) understanding the opportunities for, and barriers to, implementing NBS relating to the current evidence base and available climate change projections.Secondly we will undertake research with key researchers in the field through workshops in order to co-identify areas of research evidence opportunities and gaps. Once the evidence landscape has been mapped out, we will work with regional practitioners in Greater Manchester in order to understand the extent to which exiting policy and evidence is usable in meeting their aims of building climate resilience. Greater Manchester is a good case study in this regard due to the policy commitments relating to building the resilience of the city and also the range of funded projects that are currently being undertaken to support the implementation of NBS. This includes the EU Life + Natural Course Project, the H2020 funded Green Cities for Climate and Water Resilience, Sustainable Economic Growth, Healthy Citizens and Environments (Grow Green), and GM's selection as a Defra Urban Pioneer. Whilst we recognise the limits to generalisability from focussing on the experiences of Greater Manchester, the work should isolate useful insights, particularly for practitioners working at city and regional level, with the opportunity to understand some of the issues around the impact (or potential impact) of the devolution agenda and potential loss of funding from European sources after Brexit. The project will therefore target different research and policy communities in a variety of ways in order to develop a systematic overview of the challenges and opportunities facing the UK in terms of utilising existing evidence bases to facilitate the implementation of NBS to address future flood risk. The various outputs that will support this include an evidence database, policy briefs targeted at different types of practitioners, and reports on evidence gaps and good practice in making research useful to practitioners in light of revised UK climate projections.