UK-OSNAP-Decade: 10 years of observing and understanding the overturning circulation in the subpolar North Atlantic (2014-2024)

从测量和模型中有越来越多的证据表明，北大西洋次极地的热量和淡水输送的重要性。它们通过温度、降水和风力影响北大西洋、欧洲和全球气候，也影响海洋生态系统、飓风，甚至影响萨赫勒、亚马逊和美国部分地区的降雨。副极地北大西洋的行为与副热带北大西洋环流有很大的不同，它们输送和储存热量和淡水的机制和时间尺度也非常不同。在2014年之前，北大西洋副极地的测量不足，仍然没有海洋环流或气候模型准确地代表它。UK-OSNAP-Decade旨在通过建立在NERC大赠款UK OSNAP的成功基础上，并作为对国际合作项目OSNAP（次极地北大西洋计划的颠覆）的贡献，产生对北大西洋次极地的新知识和理解，以改善对该地区对气候贡献的预测。我们提出了一个方案，持续观测副极地北大西洋环流和通量;英国的贡献，国际跨流域，全深度海洋观测阵列。

There is mounting evidence from measurements and models of the importance of the transports of heat and freshwater by the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. They impact on North Atlantic, European and global climate via temperature, precipitation and wind strength, and also on marine ecosystems, hurricanes, even rainfall in the Sahel, the Amazon and parts of the US. The subpolar North Atlantic behaves substantially differently from the subtropical North Atlantic circulation, and their mechanisms and timescales for transport and storage of heat and freshwater are very different. Prior to 2014 the subpolar North Atlantic was inadequately measured, and it is still the case that no ocean general circulation or climate model represents it accurately. UK-OSNAP-Decade aims to generate new knowledge and understanding of the subpolar North Atlantic to improve predictions of the contribution of the region to climate, by building on the successes of NERC Large Grant UK OSNAP, and as a contribution to the international collaborative project OSNAP (Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Programme). We propose a programme of sustained observation of subpolar North Atlantic circulation and fluxes; a UK contribution to an international trans-basin, full-depth ocean observation array.