Advanced Metagenomics, Sensors and Photocatalysis for Antimicrobial Resistance Elimination (AMSPARE)

该提案汇集了来自印度的传感器技术、水处理和修复方面的专家，以及来自英国的环境微生物学、荟萃组学地球化学以及政策和工业监管流程方面的专家，共同探讨环境中的AMR扩散问题。具体地说，我们将重点关注由于药物废物进入水道而加剧的AMR增加的可能性。这项研究将与印度制药业合作，研究AMR在环境地球化学和微生物过程中的复杂相互作用下的“新陈代谢”，以完善政策和改善药品废物管理的监管控制。简而言之，来自英国和印度的跨学科研究小组将通过分析向通用污水处理厂(CETP)排放废物的中小型制药厂周围的化学和AMR概况，来评估制药废水的生命周期。CETPS是本研究针对废水抗菌污染的主要研究对象。大型工厂现在致力于固体废物处理。微生物图谱将通过元基因组学、数字液滴聚合酶链式反应和培养研究的组合，包括丰富的抗生素耐药基因和复杂微生物群落的影响。同时，将通过使用低成本传感器来检测废物中存在的残留物，以及在污水排放到环境之前使用负担得起的光催化技术来去除残留物，从而解决废物‘清理’问题。这些技术的验证将在实验室条件下进行，使用现场样本并保持从我们的测绘工作中获得的化学和微生物概况。最后，由于围绕该项目的敏感问题，与监管机构和行业的接触至关重要。利用我们的数据和技术，我们将能够影响制定有利于所有利益攸关方的政策，包括当地社区和环境，从而减少抗菌废物对环境的影响。

This proposal brings together experts on sensor technologies, water treatment and remediation from India with experts on environmental microbiology, meta-omics geochemistry and policy and industrial regulatory processes from the UK, to engage the issue of AMR proliferation in the environment. Specifically, we will focus on the potential for increased AMR due to aggravation by pharmaceutical waste entering waterways. This research would engage with the Indian pharmaceutical industry to study the AMR production 'metabolism', within a complex interplay of environmental geochemical and microbiological processes, in order to refine policy and improve regulatory control in pharmaceutical waste management. In brief, the inter-disciplinary research team from the UK and India will assess the life cycle of pharmaceutical waste water through analysis of chemical and AMR profiling surrounding small to medium pharmaceutical plants that discharge waste into Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs). CETPS are the main focus in this study for waste water antimicrobial contamination. Large plants now are committed to solid waste disposal. Microbial profiling will include abundance of antibiotic resistant genes and effects of complex microbial communities through a combination of metagenomics, digital droplet PCR and culture studies. In parallel, waste 'clean up' will be addressed through the the employment of low cost sensors to detect what residues are present in the waste and affordable photocatalytic technology to remove the residues before the effluent is discharged into the environment. Validation of these technologies will be carried out under laboratory conditions using site samples and maintaining the chemical and microbial profile obtained from our mapping work. Finally, due to the sensitive issues surrounding this project engagement with regulatory bodies and industry is critical. Utilising our data and technology we will be able to influence the creation of policies that work for all stakeholders, including local communities and the environment, thus reducing the impact of antimicrobial waste in the environment.