Sustainable Management of UK Marine Resources

如果我们要应对气候变化和地球上人口需求的综合挑战，下一个十年将是关键。国际气候变化专门委员会关于海洋和冰冻圈的特别报告(2019年9月)强调，如果我们要减少气候变化对海洋环境的可能影响，就需要深刻改变我们的行为。我们需要了解将会发生什么变化，以便为下一代更好地管理我们的海洋资源，保护我们的海洋生物栖息地。政府的决策者、监管部门、工业界，也许最重要的是公众，需要更好地了解我们海洋资源的价值，不仅要从狭隘的经济角度，而且要通过了解海洋提供的更广泛的利益。结合我们对生态系统服务的了解，例如，从提供食物、能源和其他原材料到休闲、福祉和健康，我们可以更好地了解这些服务是如何结合在一起的，以及它们作为自然资本而不是纯粹的金融资本的价值。然而，我们的决策者将不得不越来越多地对对我们有限的自然资源的复杂和相互竞争的需求做出判断，这将需要考虑到社会、经济和环境因素。需要在研究为公共和私营部门的决策者提供信息并使其能够促进和推动我们的经济快速脱碳、适应气候变化以及保护关键的自然资本和生态系统服务交付的方式上进行一次阶段性的改变。由自然环境研究理事会和经济社会研究理事会资助的SMMR项目将帮助启动一项研究和创新计划，该计划将汇集社会、经济、环境和公共卫生科学的研究人员，与政府、监管机构、行业和公众一起开发支持决策者的流程和工具。SMMR项目将试图了解个人和社会对英国周围海洋的评价方式，因为这对未来的政策、监管和教育需求具有重要影响。社会、经济和环境信息将在计算机模型中融合在一起，帮助我们了解决策可能如何影响我们的海洋资源管理。最终，该方案将向决策者和广大公众提供探讨不同选择和与竞争资源使用有关的“如果”问题的机会。这一共识应有助于作出更好的决策，从而有助于减缓我们海洋的进一步退化，并帮助我们适应气候变化带来的不可避免的挑战。

The next decade is going to be pivotal if we are to address the combined challenges of climate change and demographic demands on our planet. The International Panel on Climate Change Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere (Sept 2019) highlights the need for profound changes in our behavior if we are to reduce the likely impacts of climate change in the marine environment. We need to understand what changes will happen in order to better manage our marine resources for the future of the next generation and to protect our marine habitats. Decision makers in Government, those involved in regulation, industry and perhaps most importantly, the public, need to have a better understanding of the value of our marine resources, not simply from a narrow economic perspective, but through understanding the wider benefits that our seas and oceans provide.Combining what we know about ecosystem services ranging from the provision of food, energy and other raw materials to leisure, wellbeing and health for example we can develop a better understanding of how these services combine and their value as natural, rather than purely financial capital. However, our decision makers will increasingly have to make judgements on complex and competing demands on our limited natural resources which will need to take into account social, economic and environmental considerations. A step change is required in the way that research informs and enables decision makers in the public and private sectors to facilitate and drive the rapid decarbonisation of our economy, adapt to climatic change and preserve critical natural capital and ecosystem service delivery. The SMMR programme funded by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Economic and Social Research Council will help to kick start a programme of research and innovation that will bring researchers from the social, economic, environmental and public health sciences for example, together with Government, regulators, industry and the public to develop processes and tools to support decision makers.The SMMR programme will try to understand the ways that individuals and society value the seas around the UK as this has important implications for future policy, regulatory and educational needs. Social, economic and environmental information will be fused together in computer models to help us understand how decisions may affect the management of our marine resources. Ultimately the programme will provide decision makers and the wider public to explore different options and "what if" questions related to competing resource use. This shared understanding should support better decision making that helps to mitigate further degradation of our sea and helps us adapt to the inevitable challenges resulting from climate change.