FAMILIALITY OF SEVERE PHONOLOGY DISORDERS

这个项目建立在先前的一项研究的基础上，该研究建立了 严重语音障碍患者的熟悉度分析 临床上受影响的状态。本研究的目的是提炼 发育性语音障碍的表型研究 语言障碍的共病和表型界限 阅读障碍。它建议识别音系学的亚类 紊乱和检查每个亚型的遗传模式，而 检查和允许性别差异，这种差异可能存在于 这些障碍中。此外，发育性语音障碍 会被比作阅读障碍或阅读障碍，在以下方面 表型相似性和遗传模式。法律的有效性 家族史在预测以后的学习问题上也会 检查，以及测试电池测量的价值 学龄前儿童个体治疗结果的预测因素 音系学问题。这里的目标是确定以下方面 学龄前几年的表现预示着以后的言语和 语言技能、认知发展和学业成就 患有学龄前语音障碍的儿童。重点放在所有这些方面 Entivors专注于分析 演讲、语言和阅读。作为数据收集的 阅读障碍家庭及其纵向随访措施的研究 音系学障碍家庭仍在进行中，分析活动 到目前为止，一直专注于协变量调整和混合分析 最初的音韵学测量。这些分析已经确立了 存在性别影响，在较小程度上，也存在性别影响 这些措施的社会经济地位。尽管使用了 大多数措施都注意到了年龄标准、年龄效应 考虑过了。在某种程度上，这可能归因于缺乏 成人人口的可用人口数据，但具有补偿性 成年后的应试策略代表着另一种可能性。 对这一现象进行调整的方法，如标准化 在发展时代，目前正在考虑。其他 努力的方向是开发和验证单一分数 在以下情况下反映口语运动和语言熟练程度 必须使用不同的、特定于年龄的程序。

This project builds upon a previous study which established the familiality of severe phonology disorders based upon an analysis of clinically affected status. The present study is aimed at refining the phenotype for developmental phonology disorders by examining their comorbidity and phenotypic boundaries with language disorders and reading disorders. It proposes to identify subtypes of phonology disorders and examine modes of inheritance for each subtype, while examining and allowing for gender differences which may exist in many of these disorders. In addition, developmental phonology disorders will be compared to reading disorders, or dyslexia, in terms of phenotypic similarities and patterns of inheritance. The validity of family history in predicting later learning problems will also be examined, as will the value of testing battery measurements as predictors of the outcome of therapy for individuals with preschool phonology problems. The goals here are to identify those aspects of performance during the preschool years which predict later speech and language skills, cognitive development, and academic achievement in children with preschool phonology disorders. Emphasis in all of these endeavors is focused on the analysis of quantitative measures of speech, language, and reading. As data collection of reading-disordered families and of longitudinal follow-up measures of phonology-disordered families are still in progress, analytic activity has so far focused on covariate adjustment and admixture analyses of initial phonological measures. These analyses have established the existence of effects of gender and, to a lesser extent, of socio-economic status for these measures. Despite the use of age-specific norms, age effects were noted for most of the measures considered. To some extent, this may be attributable to the lack of available population figures for adult populations, but compensatory strategies in test-taking in adulthood represent another possibility. Approaches to adjust for this phenomenon, such as standardization within developmental epoch, are currently being considered. Other efforts were directed at development and validation of a single score to reflect aspects of oral-motor and language proficiency when different, age-specific procedures must be used.