Astrophysics Research at Liverpool John Moores University

我们将继续通过观测工作和理论建模，在知识的前沿进行开创性的天体物理研究。在时间域天体物理学的标题下，我们将研究新星、超新星和伽马射线暴的爆炸。我们将研究银河系和河外新星的基本性质，以我们在这一领域的大量专业知识为基础，并包括详细调查这些天体是重要的La超新星的祖先的可能性，该类型超新星已成为宇宙规模和性质的主要探测器之一。对于起源于大质量恒星核心坍塌的超新星(核心塌缩超新星)，我们将通过调查发现它们的环境，并结合对它们爆发的详细分析来限制它们的祖先。我们将研究伽马射线暴的物理学--宇宙中最强大的爆炸。将尖端理论预测与世界上最大的机器人望远镜上的新颖观测实验相结合，我们将探测极端物理区域，以确定磁场的基本作用。此外，我们将使用多频率观测来确定这些天体的前身的性质，以及相对论喷出物与爆发前介质相互作用的物理学。此外，我们将探索无线电正在开辟的时间域的新区域，并利用我们已被证明的能力建立快速通道仪器来解决新的科学问题。在恒星演化领域，我们将利用我们在一些最雄心勃勃的地面和空间调查中的领先地位，以确定恒星形成的早期阶段发生的方式。这将把英国在这些调查中的带头人转变为在数据科学解释方面的国际领先地位。我们的研究还将以我们在恒星建模方面的专业知识为基础，通过将我们的模型与卫星关于恒星振动的结果进行比较，来研究恒星生命另一端的结构。在星系形成和演化的标题下，我们将调查从最小到最大的所有质量尺度上的星系的性质。我们将使用最强大的地面和天基望远镜的新观测来研究长期存在的理论问题，如最小星系的观测数量，以及最大质量星系的快速形成，我们将研究星系的演化如何受到其环境的影响。我们将使用新的仪器和理论建模技术，详细研究气体被驱动到星系中心并引导到为活动星系核现象提供动力的超大质量黑洞的方式，并研究这些天体在其宿主星系演化中所起的重要作用。最后，我们将利用我们的结果更好地预测下一代望远镜，如詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜和平方公里阵列，将看到什么，并确定这些数十亿磅的设施继续推进我们对宇宙理解的最佳方式。我们的所有研究都使用最先进的地面望远镜(如我们自己的利物浦望远镜)、卫星和数据分析技术来进行从伽马射线到射电波长的观测。反过来，ARI的工作人员用这些望远镜领导了许多新一代的调查。我们在上述领域提出的项目在技术上要求很高，需要计算机软件支持，以帮助实现科学成果。ARI的结构和组织旨在提供国际卓越的研究。ARI以发展和利用让更多人参与STFC科学的外联活动而闻名，我们的目标是加强这些活动。

We will continue to pursue ground-breaking astrophysical research at the forefront of knowledge through both observational work and theoretical modelling. Under the heading of Time-Domain Astrophysics, we will study the explosions of Novae, Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts. We will investigate the fundamental properties of Galactic and extragalactic novae, building on our considerable expertise in this area, and including a detailed investigation of the possibility that these objects are the progenitors of the important Type la Supernovae, which have become known as one of the primary probes of the scale and nature of the Universe. For supernovae that owe their origin to the collapse of the core of a massive star (Core-Collapse Supernovae), we will constrain their progenitors by investigating the environments in which they are found, coupled with detailed analyses of their outbursts. We will investigate the physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts - the most powerful explosions in the Universe. Combining cutting-edge theoretical predictions with novel observational experiments on the world's largest robotic telescopes, we will probe regions of extreme physics to determine the fundamental role of magnetic fields. In addition, we will use multi-frequency observations to determine the nature of the progenitors of these objects and the physics of the interaction of relativistic ejecta with the pre-outburst medium. Furthermore, we will explore new regions of the time domain being opened up in the radio and exploit our proven ability to build fast-track instrumentation to address new science questions.In the area of stellar evolution, we will capitalise on our leading role in some of the most ambitious ground and space-based surveys to determine the ways in which the earliest phases of the formation of stars occur. This will convert the UK's spearheading of these surveys into international leadership in the scientific interpretation of the data. Our research will also build on our expertise in stellar modelling to investigate the structure of stars at the other end of their lives by comparing our models with results from satellites on stellar vibrations.Under the heading of the formation and evolution of galaxies, we will investigate the properties of galaxies on all mass scales from the smallest to the largest. We will use new observations from the most powerful ground and space-based telescopes to study long-standing theoretical problems with the observed numbers of the smallest galaxies, and the rapid build-up of the most massive galaxies, and we will study how the evolution of galaxies is affected by their environment. We will use new instruments and theoretical modelling techniques to study in detail the manner in which gas is driven into the centres of galaxies and channelled onto the supermassive black holes that power the phenomenon of Active Galactic Nuclei, and study the important role that these objects play in the evolution of their host galaxies. Finally, we will use our results to better predict what the next generation of telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope and Square Kilometre Array, will see and determine the best way for these billion-pound facilities to continue to advance our understanding of the Universe.All of our research uses the most advanced ground-based telescopes (such as our own Liverpool Telescope), satellites and data analysis techniques to carry out observations from gamma rays to radio wavelengths. In turn, ARI staff lead many of the new generation surveys with these telescopes. The projects we propose in the above areas are technically demanding and require computer software support to aid the delivery of the science. The structure and organisation of the ARI is designed to deliver internationally excellent research. The ARI is known worldwide for developing and exploiting outreach activities to engage the wider population in STFC science and we aim to enhance these.