Arachnid - A next generation silicon pixel detector for Particle and Nuclear Physics

三个实验社区聚集在一起，以制定一个单一的简化和成本效益的提案，以世界领先的单片有源像素传感器技术为中心，该技术已在英国开发。这项提议的重点是验证廉价的最先进的cmos像素传感器在核物理和粒子物理应用中的使用。CMOS是大型芯片制造商(如英特尔)使用的行业标准技术，通过在科学应用中使用最先进的商业技术，我们的目标是改变许多粒子探测器的制造方式。这将包括通过用便宜得多的cmos技术取代传统上更昂贵的设备来降低未来粒子和核物理实验的成本。为了做到这一点，我们需要根据现有设备对辐射的响应来描述它们的特征，并确定操作极限，即在故障之前我们可以将设备暴露在多少辐射下。这项建议还进行了一些专业的应用测试，以了解这些设备在温度和磁场方面的操作范围。还将探索将硅传感器减少到用于传感应用的薄膜的限度，以跟进已经成功完成的初步可行性研究。薄膜设备可以彻底改变低质量跟踪设备的设计和性能，这是专业科学应用的要求。在影响和创新方面，我们的目标还在于展示在传感器上沉积薄膜涂层的能力，以便人们可以量身定做设备以响应不同的能量辐射(软或硬X射线、紫外线等)。这样的设备将在天文、医学和其他行业有成像应用。在低温下运行的紫外光敏感设备对处于非常早期规划阶段(T2K升级)的未来中微子实验也将是特别感兴趣的。在本建议书结束时，我们的目标是从辐射硬度、温度和磁场环境方面表征这些传感器的操作极限，并设计出一种可行的芯片，可以用作真实世界实验的原型。使我们离性能更高、更便宜的大型硅基科学仪器更近一步。与此同时，我们将更清楚地了解这项技术在商业和科学应用方面的局限性，这超出了粒子和核物理应用的范围，而粒子和核物理应用是这项研究的核心动机。我们正在进行的研究应该有助于降低未来实验活动投资的资本成本，这些活动可以使用CMOS地图作为传统技术的更便宜、更好的替代方案。简而言之，这项提议是对未来做更多科学、更好和更便宜的投资。

Three experimental communities have been brought together in order to make a single streamlined and cost-effective proposal centred on world leading CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor technology that has been developed in the UK. This proposal is focussed on validating the use of cheap state of the art CMOS pixel sensors in nuclear and particle physics applications. CMOS is an industry standard technology used by large chip manufactures such as Intel, and by using state of the art commercial technology in scientific applications we aim to change the way that many particle detectors are made. Implications of this would include a reduction in cost of future particle and nuclear physics experiments by replacing traditionally more expensive devices with the significantly cheaper CMOS technology. In order to do this we need to characterise existing devices in terms of their response to radiation, and also determine the operational limits, i.e. how much radiation we can expose the devices to before the fail.This proposal also has a number of specialist application tests in order to understand the operational envelop of these devices in terms of temperature and magnetic field. The limits to which one can reduce a silicon sensor to a thin film for sensing applications will also be explored to follow up on preliminary feasibility studies that have already been completed successfully. Thin film devices could revolutionise the design and performance of low mass tracking devices where that is a requirement for specialist scientific applications.In terms of impact and innovation, we also aim to demonstrate the ability to deposit thin film coatings to sensors so that one can tailor make a device to respond to different energy radiation (soft or hard X-rays, UV light and so on). Such devices would have imaging applications in astronomy, medicine and other industries. UV sensitive devices operating at low temperatures would also be of special interest for future neutrino experiments that are in the very early planning stages (T2K upgrade).By the end of this proposal period we aim to have characterised the operation limits of these sensors in terms of radiation hardness, temperature and magnetic field environments, and to have designed a viable chip that can be used as a prototype for a real world experiment. Taking us a step closer to cheaper large-scale silicon based scientific instruments with higher performance. At the same time we will have a much clearer understanding of the limits of this technology for commercial and scientific applications beyond the remit of the particle and nuclear physics applications that are the core motivation for this research.The research we are doing should help reduce the capital cost of investment in future experimental activities that could be built using CMOS MAPS as a cheaper and better performing alternative to traditional technologies. In a nutshell this proposal is an investment into doing more science better and cheaper in the future.