Control of Meiotic Homolog Segregation in Arabidopsis

描述(申请人提供)：减数分裂同系配对和附件 是减数分裂I期正常染色体分离所必需的。 减数分裂重组和姐妹染色单体凝聚力都是必需的 早期I晚期和中期I的同源附着。姐妹染色单体 在中期I/后期I，染色体臂上的凝聚力被去除 转换，允许同源基因分离。拟南芥是一个很好的系统 研究减数分裂的分子控制，因为它是可用的分子 遗传工具和良好细胞学研究的可行性。一株拟南芥 分离到突变体sds，发现其在维持减数分裂过程中存在缺陷 前期的同源连接。十二烷基硫酸钠基因编码一种新的类周期蛋白 蛋白质，提示同源基因需要细胞周期蛋白-CDK复合体 依恋。此外，研究表明，拟南芥的另一个基因ASK1是 释放同系物以便在后期I分离所需的，并且ASK1 突变的减数分裂细胞显示拟南芥的持续定位 减数分裂中期后期和后期染色体上的凝聚力SYN1。 初步证据表明，SDS可能与ASK1基因相互作用， 支持这一假设，即十二烷基硫酸钠也可能调节凝聚力的去除 从染色体上。也有可能是SDS调节了减数分裂。 重组。这些拟南芥突变体和基因将被用来获得新的 关于控制减数分裂同源连接的见解，使用遗传， 细胞学和分子方法。细胞学和遗传学实验 将对这些关于SDS函数的假设进行检验。此外, 将研究SDS与SYN1和ASK1之间的遗传互作。因为 十二烷基硫酸钠是一种可能的新型细胞周期蛋白，还将进行额外的实验 检测SDS与CDK之间的相互作用，探索CDK可能的功能 CDKs在减数分裂中的作用，并鉴定和鉴定编码蛋白质的基因 与十二烷基硫酸钠相互作用的物质。此外，分子和细胞生物学实验 将做的工作是为了表征表达模式和蛋白质定位 并分离出一个可能的类十二烷基硫酸酯基因。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Meiotic homolog pairing and attachment are essential for normal chromosome segregation during meiosis I. It is thought that both meiotic recombination and sister chromatid cohesion are required for homolog attachment at late prophase I and metaphase I. Sister chromatid cohesion is removed from the chromosomal arms at the metaphase I/anaphase I transition, allowing homologs to separate. Arabidopsis is an excellent system to investigate the molecular control of meiosis because its available molecular genetic tools and the feasibility of good cytological studies. An Arabidopsis mutant, sds, was isolated and found to be defective in maintaining meiotic homolog attachment at prophase I. The SDS gene encodes a novel cyclin-like protein, suggesting that a cyclin-CDK complex is required for homolog attachment. In addition, it was shown that another Arabidopsis gene, ASK1, is required for release of homolog for separation at anaphase I, and that the ask1 mutant meiotic cells show persistent localization of the putative Arabidopsis meiotic cohesion SYN1 on chromosomes at late metaphase I and anaphase I. Preliminary evidence suggests that SDS may genetically interact with ASK1, supporting the hypothesis that SDS may also regulate the removal of cohesions from the chromosome. It is also possible that SDS may regulate meiotic recombination. These Arabidopsis mutant and genes will be used to gain new insights about the control of meiotic homolog attachment, using genetic, cytological and molecular approaches. Both cytological and genetic experiments will be carried out to test these hypotheses about SDS function. In addition, genetic interaction between SDS and SYN1and ASK1 will be investigated. Because SDS is a putative novel cyclin, additional experiments will be performed to test for interactions between SDS and CDKs, to probe for possible functions of CDKs in meiosis, and to identify and characterize genes what encode proteins that interact with SDS. Furthermore, molecular and cell biological experiments will be done to characterize the expression pattern and protein localization of SDS, and to isolate a putative SDS-like gene.