COMPARING TWO LEGISLATIVE APPROACHES TO SERVER EDUCATION

这项研究是一项“自然实验”，旨在检查影响， 立法的有效性鼓励酒精服务器教育， DUI预防方法。它将比较两种方法：（1）国家授权 服务器教育;（2）国家法律鼓励的服务器教育 为参与提供许可证保护或责任减免 机构。我们正在进行第一种类型的初步研究， 俄勒冈州的法律代表了第一个也可能是最全面的法律 美国各州强制性的酒精服务器培训法。在 建议的研究，我们将研究服务器的实施和效果 三个州的教育法。我们的因变量 包括：（l）在何种程度上，服务员和管理人员在酒精服务 通过调查衡量， （2）知识、态度和自我， 报告了各州酒类服务员样本的做法， （3）遵守负责任的做法， 政策在销售酒精服务机构的样本，在每个 国家，使用现场顾客访谈和观察服务器 采用伪巴托方法;（4）客户的估计 顾客访谈和BAC测试的中毒;（5）对DUI的影响 逮捕，事故和死亡，因为法律生效， 档案数据;（6）国家制度和培训之间的比较 （7）对国家ABC执法活动的影响， 包括收到和调查的违法行为和投诉的类型 由于每一项法律生效，（8）影响的商店诉讼 以及酒类责任保险承保和保费。我们将扩展 我们对俄勒冈州计划的研究， 从新墨西哥州到亚拉巴马的许可证保护激励制度， 德州的减责激励制度因变量 将在四个实验状态和两个比较状态之间进行比较 没有关于服务器教育的州法律。

This study is a "natural experiment," designed to examine the effects and effectiveness of legislation encouraging alcohol server education as a DUI prevention method. It will compare two approaches: (1) state-mandated server education; and (2) server education encouraged by state law providing license protection or liability reduction for participating establishments. We are conducting a preliminary study of the first type, the Oregon law which represents the first and possibly most comprehensive state mandated alcohol server training law in the United States. In the proposed study we will examine the implementation and effects of server education laws in three additional states. Our dependent variables will include: (l) the extent to which servers and managers in alcohol-serving establishments have been trained and retrained, measured by surveys of establishments and by ABC records; (2) knowledge, attitudes, and self- reported practices of samples of alcohol servers in each state regarding responsible alcohol service; (3) adherence to responsible practices and policies in samples of on-sale alcohol-serving establishments in each state, using on-site patron interviews and observations of servers employing pseudopatron methodology; (4) estimates of customer intoxication from patron interviews and BAC testing; (5) effects on DUI arrests, accidents and fatalities since the law went into effect from archival data; (6) comparisons among the state systems and training curricula, (7) impacts upon enforcement activities by the state ABCs, including types of violations and complaints received and investigated since each law went into effect, and (8) effects on dram shop litigation and liquor liability insurance underwriting and premiums. We will extend our study of the Oregon program to its recently legislated duplicate in New Mexico, to the license-protection incentive systems in Alabama, and to the liability-reduction incentive system in Texas. Dependent variables will be compared between the four experimental states and two comparison states with no state law regarding server education.