FAMILIES, COMMUNITIES AND YOUTH OUTCOMES IN SOUTH AFRICA

这个项目汇集了来自美国的研究人员 分析了家庭背景和社区的影响， 南非青年的特点。的戏剧性 南非的社会和政治变化极大地改变了 年轻人面临的机遇和激励。种族隔离制度 对非白人南非人的许多限制，包括他们上什么学校， 可以参加，他们可以住在哪里，他们可以做什么工作。的 家庭和个人对放宽这些限制的反应，以及 这些反应对各种结果的影响，告诉我们一个很大的 处理家庭，社区和劳动力市场特征的作用 青年成果。尽管机会已经扩大， 仍然进入以高失业率和极端失业率为特征的劳动力市场 不平等该项目将使用一些现有的数据集，包括 人口普查、家庭调查和学校调查，以分析 年轻人的教育、就业、收入、移徙、婚姻和生育率 南非人。该项目还将收集一项新的纵向调查， 西开普省约2500户家庭，包括2600 12-24 岁。这些年轻人将在三年内接受两轮面试 这一时期，使研究学校进步的决定因素成为可能， 从学校到工作的过渡、求职、移民、婚姻和生育 结果。该项目将研究家庭背景对 学校教育，测试假设，增加学校的选择，黑人 家庭允许受过更好教育的父母选择更高质量的学校， 导致受教育程度较高的儿童的入学优势增加， 父母该项目将利用当地劳动力市场的空间变化来检验 无论是南非？美国的高失业率使入学人数增加了 降低机会成本，或通过发出经济不景气的信号来减少入学人数， 机会本项目将分析等级的层次和原因 留级是南非人受教育程度低的一个主要决定因素 黑人新的纵向调查将大大增加我们对 留级的作用包括家庭特征、学校质量、 劳动力市场条件。该项目还将分析 经济冲击和家庭破裂对青年人的影响， 学校招生年级升学和就业。

This project brings together researchers from the United States and South Africa to analyze the effect of family background and community characteristics on the outcomes of young people in South Africa. The dramatic social and political changes in South Africa have greatly changed the opportunities and incentives facing young people. The apartheid system imposed many restrictions on non-white South Africans, including what schools they could attend, where they could live, and what jobs they could hold. The response of families and individuals to relaxation of these restrictions, and the effects of these responses on a wide range of outcomes, tell us a great deal about the role of family, community, and labor market characteristics on youth outcomes. Although opportunities have expanded, young South Africans still enter a labor market characterized by high unemployment and extreme inequality. This project will use a number of existing data sets, including censuses, household surveys, and school surveys, to analyze the determinants of schooling, employment, earnings, migration, marriage, and fertility for young South Africans. The project will also collect a new longitudinal survey of about 2500 households in the Western Cape Province, including 2600 12-24 year-olds. The young people will be interviewed in two rounds over a three-year period, making it possible to study the determinants of progress in school, transitions from school to work, job search, migration, marriage, and fertility outcomes. The project will look at the effects of family background on schooling, testing the hypothesis that increased school choice for black families has allowed better educated parents to choose higher quality schools, causing an increase in the schooling advantage of children with better educated parents. The project will use spatial variation in local labor markets to test whether South Africa?s high unemployment rates increase school enrollment by lowering opportunity costs, or reduce enrollment by signaling poor economic opportunities. The project will analyze the levels and causes of grade repetition, a major determinant of low schooling attainment for South African blacks. The new longitudinal survey will greatly increase our understanding of grade repetition, including the role of family characteristics, school quality, and labor market conditions. The project will also analyze the effect of economic shocks and family disruption on the outcomes of young people such as school enrollment grade advancement and employment.