[Runoff] VITCaM: Virtual Inventory Toolkit for Catchment Management

VITCaM项目的目的是探索新的能力，利用创新的可视化技术，以新的方式利用现有的数据，加强流域管理的决策。无人机高分辨率测绘的最新进展使人们能够建立高分辨率的3D流域模型，这些模型比以往任何时候都更加清晰和详细地表示环境变量、水文路径和风险源。这些丰富的数据集提供了以新的和新颖的方式可视化集水区的机会，并可以将决策者对扩散污染风险来源的理解转变为更广泛的环境，以及不同的集水区压力如何相互作用。我们提出需要超越二维基于网络的GIS工具和三维网络可视化，以提供决策的一步变化;我们将调查增强现实/虚拟现实（AR/VR）沉浸式决策体验的潜力，使物理和数字对象共存，并在真实的时间进行交互，以帮助探索适应性强的解决方案，以更好地进行流域管理。我们将采用参与式共同设计的过程（通过在哈特里举办研讨会的形式，探讨可用的技术），并与相关利益攸关方和最终用户合作（例如，农场顾问社区、STFC、环境监管机构、自来水公司土地管理团队、大土地所有者、NERC、EPSRC、ESRI、农业技术中心、CEH，云计算提供商等），以确保相关知识和最终用户对功能的需求被纳入我们的建议，以推进扩散污染管理数据可视化的新合作方法。其愿景是使用建筑信息管理（BIM）来表示复杂的集水系统，并使用沉浸式可视化工具来查询使用AR/VR功能的地理空间数据层的库存。BIM是使用面向对象的电子信息设计、建造和运营建筑物的过程，在我们的案例中，“建筑物”将是一个集水系统。为什么这很重要？：开放数据访问是研究的趋势，是许多资助机构的义务，也是政府机构和私营公司越来越多的做法。在大数据时代，数据的范式正在从数据收集转变为数据分析。反过来，环境风险（如农业径流和扩散污染）的可视化提供了一个新的层面，集水管理人员的决策，实际上把最终用户的景观或环境的直接关注。通常，由于后勤和实际障碍，决策是在远离感兴趣的地点的地方进行的，或者是由缺乏最新知识的人员进行的。使用BIM结合AR/VR来可视化景观如何产生风险将有助于消除障碍，但也将为以下方面提供机会：（i）协作决策环境;（ii）加强与利益相关者和社区就流域问题的沟通，（iii）可视化“假设”情景，供流域管理者测试，以指导未来的决策-从而提高对未来极端潮湿天气事件的适应能力。

The aim of the VITCaM project is to explore new capability for enhanced decision-making in catchment management using innovative visualisation technologies to exploit existing data in novel ways. Recent advances in high resolution mapping from drones has enabled fine resolution 3D catchment models to be built that represent environmental variables, hydrological pathways and risk sources with much greater clarity and detail than ever before. These rich datasets provide the opportunity to visualise catchments in new and novel ways, and can transform a decision-maker's understanding of the sources of diffuse pollution risk to the wider environment and how different catchment pressures interact. We propose a need to move beyond 2D web-based GIS tools and 3D web visualisation to deliver a step-change in decision-making; we will investigate the potential for Augmented-Reality/ Virtual Reality (AR/VR) immersive decision-making experiences whereby physical and digital objects co-exist and interact in real time to aid exploration of adaptable solutions for better catchment management. We will use a process of participatory co-design (via a workshop format, hosted at Hartree to explore available technologies) and work with relevant stakeholders & end-users (e.g. farm advisor communities, STFC, environmental regulators, water company land management teams, large land owners, NERC, EPSRC, ESRI, Agri-tech centres, CEH, cloud computing providers etc) to ensure relevant knowledge and end-user needs for functionality are integrated into our recommendations for taking forward a new collaborative approach to data visualisation for diffuse pollution management. The vision is to represent complex catchment systems using Building Information Management (BIM) and use immersive visualisation tools to interrogate an inventory of geospatial data layers using AR/VR capability. BIM is the process of designing, constructing and operating a building with the use of electronic object-orientated information, and in our case the 'building' will be a catchment system.Why is this important?: Open data access is the trend in research, an obligation from many funding agencies and an increasing practice from both governmental agencies and private companies. The paradigm is changing from data collection to data analysis in the era of Big Data. In turn, visualisations of environmental risks (e.g. agricultural runoff and diffuse pollution) provide a new dimension to decision-making for catchment managers by virtually placing the end-user within the landscape or environment of immediate concern. Often, due to logistics and practical barriers, decision-making is undertaken in a location far removed from the site of interest, or by personnel lacking up-to-date knowledge. The use of BIM coupled to AR/VR to visualise how risks are generated from the landscape will help to remove the barriers, but will also provide opportunities for (i) a collaborative decision-making environment; (ii) enhanced communication with stakeholders and communities around catchment issues and (iii) visualisations of 'what-if' scenarios for catchment managers to test in order to guide future decision-making and thus increase resilience to future extreme wet weather events.