ALCOHOL ADVERTISING EFFECTS ON UNDERAGE DRINKING

申请人摘要：本研究将采用前瞻性设计， 研究从酒精广告到酒精预期的因果关系， 南达科他州约6,200人的饮酒行为 青少年，包括500多名美洲土著（拉科塔）青年。 四次年度 计划进行一波又一波的数据收集。 研究样本将包括两个 队列：一个年龄较大的队列在第一次调查时在8年级入学， 第一次调查时，一名年龄较小的学生就读于四年级和五年级。 将合并的 样本将使我们能够追踪广告，酒精， 期望，并在儿童发展的角度饮酒，并重点 在青春期的两个非常脆弱的时期--就在青春期之前和之后 过渡到初中和高中。 调查数据将涵盖 积极和消极的酒类广告的接触和意识 酒精预期，特定饮料类型的饮酒行为，以及 个人背景特征。 社区一级的数据也将 收集数据以检测有关酒精使用的政策变化， 年轻人的需求和需求。 老年组群中的青少年 已经参与了ALERT PLUS项目的年度调查， 以学校为基础的药物/酒精预防课程的随机现场试验 涵盖了初中和高中阶段。 通过将ALERT PLUS与 在这项拟议的研究中，我们可以测试酒精广告的影响是否 缓和（削弱）由这个课程，并检查的过程， 出现缓和影响。 具体目标是：（1）前瞻性地确定 酒精广告、酒精预期和未成年人之间的联系 饮酒，并测试酒精预期在多大程度上介导 （2）酒精广告对未成年人饮酒的影响;（3）确定是否 酒精广告对酒精预期和未成年饮酒的影响 不同的背景特征，包括性别、种族 （白色和拉科塔），年龄和其他因素;（3）确定是否和如何 以学校为基础的药物/酒精预防课程改变了酒精的影响 （4）关于酒精预期和未成年饮酒的广告;以及（4）确定 饮酒相关政策的社区差异是否会改变 酒精广告的酒精预期和未成年人饮酒。

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: This study will employ a prospective design to examine causal pathways from alcohol advertising to alcohol expectancies and drinking behavior in a sample of approximately 6,200 South Dakota adolescents, including over 500 Native American (Lakota) youth. Four annual waves of data collection are planned. The study sample will include two cohorts: an older cohort enrolled in 8th grade when first surveyed and a younger one enrolled in 4th and 5th grade when first surveyed. The combined sample will enable us to trace links between advertising, alcohol expectancies, and drinking in a child-development perspective and to focus on two highly vulnerable periods of adolescence--just before and after transitions to middle school and high school. Survey data will cover exposure to and awareness of alcohol advertising, positive and negative alcohol expectancies, drinking behavior for specific beverage types, and individual background characteristics. Community-level data will also be collected to detect variation in policies regarding alcohol use, availability and demand among young people. Adolescents in the older cohort are already participating in annual surveys for Project ALERT PLUS, a randomized field trial of a school based drug/alcohol prevention curriculum that spans the middle- and high-school years. By merging ALERT PLUS with the proposed study, we can test whether effects of alcohol advertising are moderated (weakened) by this curriculum and examine the processes by which moderating influences occur. Specific aims are: (1) identify prospectively the links between alcohol advertising, alcohol expectancies, and underage drinking, and test the degree to which alcohol expectancies mediate the impact of alcohol advertising on underage drinking; (2) determine whether effects of alcohol advertising on alcohol expectancies and underage drinking vary in relation to background characteristics including sex, ethnicity (White and Lakota), age, and other factors; (3) determine whether and how a school-based drug/alcohol prevention curriculum alters the impact of alcohol advertising on alcohol expectancies and underage drinking; and (4) determine whether community differences in drinking relevant policies alter the impact of alcohol advertising on alcohol expectancies and underage drinking.