New Portals to the Dark Sector

宇宙中暗物质的存在已经通过天体物理和宇宙学测量得到了确凿的证实，但人们对其粒子性质知之甚少。第二个谜团与希格斯场的起源有关。我们知道，希格斯场渗透到宇宙中，赋予每个粒子质量，当粒子加速器搅动时，它会产生希格斯玻色子，但缺乏更基本的描述。这些大问题的答案可能包含在一个黑暗部分，到目前为止，它没有被发现，因为它只通过一个微弱的‘门户’相互作用与宇宙的可见部分通信。我将为暗部门物理学发展新的理论想法，重点放在一个引人注目的可能性上，即门户直接由一些已经观察到的粒子或力提供：--如果已知最重的粒子之一--希格斯玻色子，Z玻色子，或者顶夸克-作为入口，暗部分可以使用来自CERN大型强子对撞机(有史以来最强大的显微镜)的即将到来的数据来发现，或者通过搜索粒子暗物质来发现。--如果引力作为入口，测量宇宙中星系的分布可以让我们对暗物质迄今难以捉摸的性质有新的见解。这将通过下一代星系探测来实现。我的研究将确定这些实验的目标，这些实验有可能在未来几年内彻底改变基础物理学。此外，我将解释所提供的数据，导致在最小和最大尺度上描述自然的模型的构建方面的进展。

The existence of dark matter in the Universe has been firmly established through astrophysical and cosmological measurements, but very little is known about its particle properties. A second mystery concerns the origin of the Higgs field, which we know permeates the Universe, gives every particle its mass and produces Higgs bosons when stirred by particle accelerators, but lacks a more fundamental description.The answers to these big questions may be contained in a dark sector, which has so far escaped detection because it only communicates with the visible part of the Universe through a weak 'portal' interaction.I will develop new theoretical ideas for dark sector physics, focusing on the compelling possibility that the portal is provided directly by some of the particles or forces that have already been observed:-- If one of the heaviest known particles - the Higgs boson, Z boson, or top quark - acts as portal, the dark sector could be discovered using upcoming data from the CERN Large Hadron Collider, the most powerful microscope ever built, or from searches for particle dark matter.-- If the gravitational force acts as portal, measuring the distribution of galaxies in the Universe can give us new insights on the so-far elusive nature of dark matter. This will be achieved using the next generation of galaxy surveys.My research will identify targets for these experiments, which have the potential to revolutionise fundamental physics in the next few years. In addition, I will interpret the delivered data, leading to progress in the construction of models describing Nature at the smallest and largest scales.