Generation of oat varieties with enhanced resistance to crown rust and mildew

该项目将利用现代标记辅助育种方法开发抗冠锈病和霉菌病的燕麦品系。创新方面包括在某些燕麦基因型中鉴定的抗性机制的遗传解剖，以及利用与模式植物物种的共系关系来鉴定与抗性相关的基因和标记。抗性基因渗入优良种质后，将在田间进行抗病和农艺性能的综合试验。该项目解决了91/414/EEC提出的问题，即目前在燕麦中使用的廉价三唑杀菌剂将被注销。遗传抗性的发展为燕麦提供了唯一经济可行的解决方案，以防止由于这些真菌疾病而导致的作物产量和质量损失。由于全球气候变化，这些真菌疾病在英国变得越来越普遍。经济效益包括维持和加强英国的燕麦播种面积，燕麦是一种对健康食品生产商、动物饲料制造商和工业加工商有重大好处的作物，而使用对环境有害的杀菌剂将变得不必要。该项目汇集了英国主要的生产和销售燕麦种子的公司（Senova Ltd），英国主要的从事可耕种作物评估和作物病理学的研究所（NIAB），英国主要的燕麦育种和遗传研究组织（IBERS, Aberystwyth）和一个大型的农民成员组织，从事作物评估和技术转让（TAG）在一个财团中，该财团拥有交付项目成果的技能和商业经验。

This project will utilise modern marker assisted breeding methods to develop lines of oat resistant to crown rust and mildew fungal diseases. Innovative aspects include the genetic dissection of resistance mechanisms identified in certain oat genotypes, and the use of syntenic relationships with a model plant species to identify genes and markers associated with resistance. Following introgression of the resistance genes into elite germplasm the resulting lines will be comprehensively tested in the field for pathogen resistance and agronomic performance. The project addresses concerns raised by 91/414/EEC in that inexpensive triazole fungicides currently used in oats will be deregistered. Development of genetic resistance offers the only economically viable solution in oats to prevent losses in crop yield and quality due to these fungal diseases which are becoming more prevalent in the UK due to global climate change. Economic benefits include the maintenance and enhancement of the UK area sown with oats, a crop with significant benefits to producers of healthy food products, animal feed manufacturers and industrial processors, while the use of environmentally damaging fungicides will be rendered unnecessary. The project brings together the major UK company producing and marketing oat seed (Senova Ltd), the major UK institute engaged in arable crop evaluation and crop pathology (NIAB), the major UK oat breeding and genetics research organisation (IBERS, Aberystwyth) and a large farmer member based organisation engaged in crop evaluation and technology transfer (TAG) in a consortium which has the skills and commercial experience to deliver the project outcomes.