XYLITOL CLINCIAL STUDIES FOR CARIES PREVENTION

木糖醇可以作为一种有效的预防性干预措施，帮助减少口腔健康的差距，特别是在头开始和学校为基础的膳食计划。然而，它还没有被广泛采用，也没有被包括在最近的外科医生关于口腔健康的报告中描述的龋齿预防方法中。关于其作用机制和剂量之间的关系，经常使用和反应的拟议研究，旨在解决与木糖醇使用相关的一些未知问题。从这个意义上说，拟议的工作是“非传统的”。“拟议的研究与拟议的口腔健康差异研究中心（Pis Roberts和Grossman）的其他两个项目有关，并与他们分享方法和试点数据。本研究的具体目的是：1.确定青年人接触木糖醇口香糖的次数与其对变异链球菌的影响之间的关系。2.探讨S.在年轻人中暴露恒定次数的木糖醇口香糖突变体。3.比较细菌对新的含木糖醇的食物或零食在最佳剂量和暴露次数/天与木糖醇口香糖在年轻人和儿童中的反应。提出了四项研究。前两项研究检查了成人受试者使用含木糖醇口香糖的频率和剂量的微生物学效应。第三个检查的影响，替代制剂的木糖醇相比，口香糖在最佳频率和剂量。第四项研究探讨了儿童木糖醇替代制剂的影响第四项研究探讨了儿童木糖醇替代制剂的影响。前3项成人研究的受试者将从华盛顿大学的学生和工作人员中招募341名。研究4还将需要大约111名儿童，并将在西南华盛顿州农村县的学前班或学校教室进行。

Xylitol could be effective as a preventive intervention in helping reduce oral health disparities, especially in Head Start and school-based meal programs. However, it has not been widely adopted and is not included in the caries prevention methods described in recent Surgeon General's Report on Oral Health. The proposed studies about its mechanism of action and the relationship between dose, frequently of use and response, are to address some of the unknown related to the use of xylitol. In this sense, the work proposed is "non-traditional." The proposed research is associated with two other projects in the proposed oral health disparity research center (Pis Roberts and Grossman) and shares methods and pilot data with them. The specific aims of this research are: 1. To determine the relationship between number of exposures and effects on Streptococcus mutants for xylitol gum in young adults. 2. To determine the relations between dose and effects of S. mutants for xylitol gum with a constant number of exposures in young adults. 3. To compare the bacterial response to new xylitol-containing foods or snacks at an optimal dosage and number of exposures/day to that for xylitol gum in both young adults and children. Four studies are proposed. The first two examine the microbiological effects of frequency and dose of use of xylitol-containing chewing gum in adult subjects. The third examines the effects of alternative preparations of xylitol in comparison to chewing gum at optimal frequency and dose. The fourth study examines the effects of the alternative preparations of xylitol in children The fourth study examines the effects of the alternative preparations of xylitol in children. Subjects for the first 3 adult studies will be 341 recruited from among the University of Washington students and staff. Study 4 will also require approximately 111 children and will be conducted in preschool or school classrooms in a rural county in SW Washington State.