ISOLATING POPULATION GENETIC FORCES--TEST OF A METHOD

人口遗传学家经常试图对人口作出推论 结构和历史从地理分布和相对来看 基因变异的频率。例如，全球人口迁移率 可以根据等位基因的种群间差异来估计种群 频率，假设一个特定的相对迁移模型 概率。不幸的是，许多不同的人口结构 历史现象可以产生类似的等位基因频率模式 分布，使得使用这些间接的人口估计 结构困难。 在拟议的研究中，我将测试一种新方法的几个预测 试图解决这个问题。我们的新方法结合了信息 从等位基因的地理分布、等位基因频率和 这些等位基因的系统发育关系以区分几种类型 人口结构(泛混合、岛屿模式迁徙、隔离 距离)彼此之间以及从几个历史现象(逐渐 范围扩大、远距离殖民、碎片化)。我会调查一下 五种沙鼠线粒体DNA核苷酸位点变异的研究 两栖动物是从其他数据中得知的，mtDNA数据可以用于检测 新方法的准确性。

Population geneticists often attempt to draw inferences about population structure and history from the geographic distribution and relative frequency of genetic variants. For example, the rate of migration among populations can be estimated from the among-population variance in allele frequency, assuming a particular model of relative migration probabilities. Unfortunately, a number of different population structure and historical phenomena can yield similar patterns of allele frequency distribution which makes the use of these indirect estimates of population structure difficult. In the proposed study, I will test several predictions of a new method that attempts to solve this problem. Our new method combines information from the geographic distribution of alleles, allele frequency, and the phylogenetic relationship of those allele to differentiate several forms of population structure (panmixia, island model migration, isolation by distance) from each other and from several historical phenomena (gradual range expansion, long distance colonization, fragmentation). I will survey nucleotide site variation in mitochondrial DNA of five species of amphibians are known from other data, the mtDNA data can be used to test the accuracy of the new method.